Sloka 399: Difference between revisions

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=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
असत्-कल्पः विकल्पः अयम् विश्वम् इति एक-वस्तुनि निर्विकारे निराकारे निर्विशेषे भिदा कुतः
असत्कल्पः विकल्पः अयम्
विश्वम् इति एकवस्तुनि ।
निर्विकारे निराकारे निर्विशेषे भिदा कुतः ॥


=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
asat-kalpaḥ vikalpaḥ ayaṁ viśvam iti eka-vastuni nirvikāre nirākāre nirviśeṣe bhidā kutaḥ || 399 ||
asatkalpo vikalpo'yaṁ viśvamityekavastuni |
nirvikāre nirākāre nirviśeṣe bhidā kutaḥ || 399 ||


=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
In the changeless, formless, and undifferentiated One Reality, how can there be difference in what is imagined as this world?
In the singular reality devoid of form, distinction, and change, where is the diversity contemplated in this illusory world?


=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
|-
| असत्-कल्पः (asat-kalpaḥ) || imagined as non-real || असत्य कल्पना
| असत्कल्पः (asatkalpaḥ) || imagined as unreal || अवास्तविक के रूप में कल्पना
|-
|-
| विकल्पः (vikalpaḥ) || imagined difference || कल्पित अंतर
| विकल्पः (vikalpaḥ) || conceptual variation || वैकल्पिक धारणा
|-
|-
| अयम् (ayam) || this || यह
| अयम् (ayam) || this || यह
|-
|-
| विश्वम् (viśvam) || world || विश्व
| विश्वम् (viśvam) || world || जगत
|-
|-
| इति (iti) || thus || इस प्रकार
| इति (iti) || thus || इस प्रकार
|-
|-
| एक-वस्तुनि (eka-vastuni) || in the One Reality || एक वस्तु में
| एकवस्तुनि (ekavastuni) || in the one reality || एकमात्र सत्य में
|-
|-
| निर्विकारे (nirvikāre) || changeless || अविकार
| निर्विकारे (nirvikāre) || changeless || निर्विकार
|-
|-
| निराकारे (nirākāre) || formless || निराकार
| निराकारे (nirākāre) || formless || निराकार
|-
|-
| निर्विशेषे (nirviśeṣe) || undifferentiated || अविशिष्ट
| निर्विशेषे (nirviśeṣe) || without distinction || बिना भेदभाव के
|-
|-
| भिदा (bhidā) || difference || भेद
| भिदा (bhidā) || distinction || भेद
|-
|-
| कुतः (kutaḥ) || how || कैसे
| कुतः (kutaḥ) || where || कहां
|}
|}


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! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
|-
| विकल्पः (Imagined difference) || असत्-कल्पः (Is imagined as non-real) || विश्वम् (world) || The imagined difference perceives the world as non-real. || कल्पित अंतर विश्व को असत्य रूप में देखता है।
| विकल्पः (imagined conceptual variation) || अयम् || विश्वम् || This world is imagined as a conceptual variation. || यह जगत वैकल्पिक धारणा के रूप में कल्पना किया गया है।
|-
|-
| भिदा (Difference) || कुतः (How can be) || एक-वस्तुनि (In the One Reality) || How can there be difference in the One Reality? || एक वस्तु में भेद कैसे हो सकता है?
| भिदा || कुतः || निर्विकारे एकवस्तुनि || Where is the distinction in the changeless singular reality? || एकमात्र निर्विकार सत्य में भेद कहां?
|}
|}


=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[asatkalpa|asatkalpa (असत्कल्प)]]
* [[vikalpa|vikalpa (विकल्प)]]
* [[vikalpa|vikalpa (विकल्प)]]
* [[asat|asat (असत)]]
* [[nirvikāra|nirvikāra (निर्विकार)]]
* [[nirvikāra|nirvikāra (निर्विकार)]]
* [[nirākāra|nirākāra (निराकार)]]
* [[nirākāra|nirākāra (निराकार)]]
* [[nirviśeṣa|nirviśeṣa (निर्विशेष)]]
* [[ekavastu|ekavastu (एकवस्तु)]]


=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Illusion
* Non-duality
* Non-duality
* Illusion
* Reality
* Reality


=== Commentary (टीका) ===
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
The sloka emphasizes the philosophical perspective of Advaita Vedanta, where the world, '''viśvam''', is seen as an imagined construct, a ''vikalpa'', which has no true reality, '''asat-kalpaḥ''', within the ultimate truth, ''eka-vastu''. This ultimate reality is described as ''nirvikāra'' (changeless), ''nirākāra'' (formless), and ''nirviśeṣa'' (undifferentiated). The sloka argues that in such a non-dual existence, differentiation or ''bhidā'' is simply not possible. It invites the practitioner to transcend the illusory differences perceived in the phenomenal world and recognize the inherent oneness beyond all forms and concepts.
This verse from classical Indian philosophy questions the reality of the world perceived as diverse and mutable. In the *Vedantic* tradition, the world (*viśvam*) is considered an *asatkalpa*—a construct based on misconception. The idea of *vikalpa* or conceptual differences is refuted in the context of a singular, changeless reality. In such a *nirākāra* (formless) and *nirvikāra* (changeless) reality, any notion of *bhidā* or differentiation is unwarranted. The verse underscores the principle of non-duality (*Advaita*), emphasizing that ultimate truth is beyond distinctions perceived through limited understanding.


'''
'''

Latest revision as of 22:40, 7 March 2025

Sloka 399

Sloka (श्लोक)

असत्कल्पो विकल्पोऽयं विश्वमित्येकवस्तुनि ।
निर्विकारे निराकारे निर्विशेषे भिदा कुतः ॥ ३९९ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

असत्कल्पः विकल्पः अयम् विश्वम् इति एकवस्तुनि । निर्विकारे निराकारे निर्विशेषे भिदा कुतः ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

asatkalpo vikalpo'yaṁ viśvamityekavastuni | nirvikāre nirākāre nirviśeṣe bhidā kutaḥ || 399 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

In the singular reality devoid of form, distinction, and change, where is the diversity contemplated in this illusory world?

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English meaning (अर्थ) Hindi meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
असत्कल्पः (asatkalpaḥ) imagined as unreal अवास्तविक के रूप में कल्पना
विकल्पः (vikalpaḥ) conceptual variation वैकल्पिक धारणा
अयम् (ayam) this यह
विश्वम् (viśvam) world जगत
इति (iti) thus इस प्रकार
एकवस्तुनि (ekavastuni) in the one reality एकमात्र सत्य में
निर्विकारे (nirvikāre) changeless निर्विकार
निराकारे (nirākāre) formless निराकार
निर्विशेषे (nirviśeṣe) without distinction बिना भेदभाव के
भिदा (bhidā) distinction भेद
कुतः (kutaḥ) where कहां

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
विकल्पः (imagined conceptual variation) अयम् विश्वम् This world is imagined as a conceptual variation. यह जगत वैकल्पिक धारणा के रूप में कल्पना किया गया है।
भिदा कुतः निर्विकारे एकवस्तुनि Where is the distinction in the changeless singular reality? एकमात्र निर्विकार सत्य में भेद कहां?

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Illusion
  • Non-duality
  • Reality

Commentary (टीका)

This verse from classical Indian philosophy questions the reality of the world perceived as diverse and mutable. In the *Vedantic* tradition, the world (*viśvam*) is considered an *asatkalpa*—a construct based on misconception. The idea of *vikalpa* or conceptual differences is refuted in the context of a singular, changeless reality. In such a *nirākāra* (formless) and *nirvikāra* (changeless) reality, any notion of *bhidā* or differentiation is unwarranted. The verse underscores the principle of non-duality (*Advaita*), emphasizing that ultimate truth is beyond distinctions perceived through limited understanding.

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