Sloka 118: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 118 ==
== Sloka 118 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
अव्यक्तमेतत्त्रिगुणैर्निरुक्तं
मिश्रस्य सत्त्वस्य भवन्ति धर्माः
तत्कारणं नाम शरीरमात्मनः ।  
त्वमानिताद्या नियमा यमाद्याः ।
सुषुप्तिरेतस्य विभक्त्यवस्था
श्रद्धा च भक्तिश्च मुमुक्षता च
प्रलीनसर्वेन्द्रियबुद्धिवृत्तिः ॥ १२0 ॥  
दैवी च सम्पत्तिरसन्निवृत्तिः ॥ ११८ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Sure. Here is an elaboration on the given sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
मिश्रस्य<br>
सत्त्वस्य<br>
भवन्ति<br>
धर्माः<br>
त्वम्<br>
आनित-आद्याः<br>
नियमा<br>
यम-आद्याः<br>
श्रद्धा<br>
च<br>
भक्तिः<br>
च<br>
मुमुक्षता<br>
च<br>
दैवी<br>
च<br>
सम्पत्तिः<br>
असन्निवृत्तिः<br>


- **Transliteration:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  Avyaktametattriguṇairniruktaṁ 
miśrasya sattvasya bhavanti dharmāḥ\
  tatkāraṇaṁ nāma śarīramātmanaḥ। 
tvam ānita-ādyā niyamā yamādyāḥ |\
  suṣuptiretasyavibhaktyavasthā 
śraddhā ca bhaktiś ca mumukṣatā ca\
  pralīnasarvendriyabuddhivṛttiḥ॥ 120॥
daivī ca sampattir asannivṛttiḥ || 118 ||


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  The unmanifest, explained through the three qualities, is known as the causal body of the self. Deep sleep is the state of this condition where all sensory and intellectual activities are merged.
The qualities of mixed sattva manifest as control, non-injury, faith, devotion, desire for liberation, divine wealth, and cessation of troubles.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the unmanifest
{| class="wikitable"
  * एतत् (etat) - this
|-
  * त्रिगुणैः (triguṇaiḥ) - by the three qualities (sattva, rajas, tamas)
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * निरुक्तम् (niruktam) - explained, characterized
|-
  * तत् (tat) - that
| मिश्रस्य (miśrasya) || of mixed || मिश्रित के
  * कारणम् (kāraṇam) - causal
|-
  * नाम (nāma) - known as
| सत्त्वस्य (sattvasya) || of being || सत्त्व के
  * शरीरम् (śarīram) - body
|-
  * आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self
| भवन्ति (bhavanti) || are || होते हैं
  * सुषुप्तिः (suṣuptiḥ) - deep sleep
|-
  * एतस्य (etasya) - of this
| धर्माः (dharmāḥ) || qualities || गुण
  * विभक्त्यवस्था (vibhaktyavasthā) - state of separation
|-
  * प्रलीन (pralīna) - merged, dissolved
| त्वम् (tvam) || you || तुम
  * सर्व (sarva) - all
|-
  * इन्द्रिय (indriya) - sensory
| आनित-आद्याः (ānita-ādyāḥ) || control and others || नियन्त्रण आदि
  * बुद्धि (buddhi) - intellectual
|-
  * वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - activities or modifications
| नियमा (niyamā) || rules || नियम
|-
| यम-आद्याः (yamādyāḥ) || self-restraints and others || यम आदि
|-
| श्रद्धा (śraddhā) || faith || श्रद्धा
|-
| च (ca) || and || और
|-
| भक्तिः (bhaktiḥ) || devotion || भक्ति
|-
| मुमुक्षता (mumukṣatā) || desire for liberation || मोक्ष की इच्छा
|-
| दैवी (daivī) || divine || दिव्य
|-
| सम्पत्तिः (sampattiḥ) || wealth || संपत्ति
|-
| असन्निवृत्तिः (asannivṛttiḥ) || cessation of troubles || कष्टों की निवृत्ति
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka delves into the concept of the causal body in Vedantic philosophy, known in Sanskrit as 'kāraṇa śarīra'. It is identified with the unmanifest, or 'avyakta', which is attributed with the three gunas: sattva (purity), rajas (activity), and tamas (inertia). These qualities are foundational aspects of prakriti (nature) which combine in various proportions to form the manifold phenomena of the universe.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| धर्माः || भवन्ति || मिश्रस्य सत्त्वस्य || The qualities of mixed being are || मिश्रित सत्त्व के गुण हैं
|-
| श्रद्धा || भवन्ति || || Faith is || श्रद्धा है
|-
| भक्तिः || भवन्ति || || Devotion is || भक्ति है
|-
| मुमुक्षता || भवन्ति || || Desire for liberation is || मोक्ष की इच्छा है
|-
| दैवी सम्पत्तिः || भवन्ति || || Divine wealth is || दिव्य संपत्ति है
|}


  The causal body is said to be the deep-seated layer of the self, where the seeds of karmic impressions and the full potentiality of the individual soul reside. In the state of 'sushupti' or deep sleep, this causal body is experienced inasmuch as all sensory and intellectual activities (indriya and buddhi vṛtti) have become dormant or are entirely merged. It is a state devoid of duality and individuality, yet the presence of the self remains as pure potential—the substratum without conscious activity.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[sattva|sattva (सत्त्व)]]
* [[śraddhā|śraddhā (श्रद्धा)]]
* [[bhakti|bhakti (भक्ति)]]
* [[mumukṣatā|mumukṣatā (मुमुक्षता)]]
* [[daivī sampatti|daivī sampatti (दैवी सम्पत्तिः)]]


  The sloka underscores the importance of understanding the interaction of the three gunas and their impact on consciousness. By analyzing the states of consciousness—waking, dreaming, and deep sleep—Vedanta invites the seeker to realize the common thread: the unchanging self that underlies all states and is beyond the three bodies (gross, subtle, and causal) and beyond the mind's attributions of identity and perception.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Virtue
* Liberation
* Spiritual Qualities
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This sloka elaborates on the characteristics associated with a mixture of ''sattva'' qualities. These include control over one's actions (''niyamā'' and ''yamā''), along with spiritual virtues such as ''śraddhā'' (faith), ''bhakti'' (devotion), and ''mumukṣatā'' (desire for liberation). It emphasizes that such individuals possess ''daivī sampatti'' (divine wealth) and are free from significant worldly troubles (''asannivṛttiḥ''). These traits collectively aid in the spiritual growth and liberation of the individual.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 16:15, 7 January 2025

Sloka 118

Sloka (श्लोक)

मिश्रस्य सत्त्वस्य भवन्ति धर्माः
त्वमानिताद्या नियमा यमाद्याः ।
श्रद्धा च भक्तिश्च मुमुक्षता च
दैवी च सम्पत्तिरसन्निवृत्तिः ॥ ११८ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

मिश्रस्य
सत्त्वस्य
भवन्ति
धर्माः
त्वम्
आनित-आद्याः
नियमा
यम-आद्याः
श्रद्धा
च
भक्तिः
च
मुमुक्षता
च
दैवी
च
सम्पत्तिः
असन्निवृत्तिः

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

miśrasya sattvasya bhavanti dharmāḥ\ tvam ānita-ādyā niyamā yamādyāḥ |\ śraddhā ca bhaktiś ca mumukṣatā ca\ daivī ca sampattir asannivṛttiḥ || 118 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

The qualities of mixed sattva manifest as control, non-injury, faith, devotion, desire for liberation, divine wealth, and cessation of troubles.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
मिश्रस्य (miśrasya) of mixed मिश्रित के
सत्त्वस्य (sattvasya) of being सत्त्व के
भवन्ति (bhavanti) are होते हैं
धर्माः (dharmāḥ) qualities गुण
त्वम् (tvam) you तुम
आनित-आद्याः (ānita-ādyāḥ) control and others नियन्त्रण आदि
नियमा (niyamā) rules नियम
यम-आद्याः (yamādyāḥ) self-restraints and others यम आदि
श्रद्धा (śraddhā) faith श्रद्धा
च (ca) and और
भक्तिः (bhaktiḥ) devotion भक्ति
मुमुक्षता (mumukṣatā) desire for liberation मोक्ष की इच्छा
दैवी (daivī) divine दिव्य
सम्पत्तिः (sampattiḥ) wealth संपत्ति
असन्निवृत्तिः (asannivṛttiḥ) cessation of troubles कष्टों की निवृत्ति

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
धर्माः भवन्ति मिश्रस्य सत्त्वस्य The qualities of mixed being are मिश्रित सत्त्व के गुण हैं
श्रद्धा भवन्ति Faith is श्रद्धा है
भक्तिः भवन्ति Devotion is भक्ति है
मुमुक्षता भवन्ति Desire for liberation is मोक्ष की इच्छा है
दैवी सम्पत्तिः भवन्ति Divine wealth is दिव्य संपत्ति है

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Virtue
  • Liberation
  • Spiritual Qualities

Commentary (टीका)

This sloka elaborates on the characteristics associated with a mixture of sattva qualities. These include control over one's actions (niyamā and yamā), along with spiritual virtues such as śraddhā (faith), bhakti (devotion), and mumukṣatā (desire for liberation). It emphasizes that such individuals possess daivī sampatti (divine wealth) and are free from significant worldly troubles (asannivṛttiḥ). These traits collectively aid in the spiritual growth and liberation of the individual.

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