Sloka 74: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 74 ==
== Sloka 74 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
परस्परांशैर्मिलितानि भूत्वा
परस्परांशैर्मिलितानि भूत्वा
स्थूलानि च स्थूलशरीरहेतवः ।  
स्थूलानि च स्थूलशरीरहेतवः ।
मात्रास्तदीया विषया भवन्ति
मात्रास्तदीया विषया भवन्ति
शब्दादयः पञ्च सुखाय भोक्तुः ॥ ७४ ॥  
शब्दादयः पञ्च सुखाय भोक्तुः ॥ ७४ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's delve into the given sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
परस्पर-अंशैः-मिलितानि-भूत्वा <br>
स्थूलानि-च-स्थूल-शरीर-हेतवः <br>
मात्राः-तदीया-विषयाः-भवन्ति<br>
शब्द-आदयः-पञ्च-सुखाय-भोक्तुः


- **Transliteration:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  parasparāṁśairmilitāni bhūtvā  
paraspara-aṁśaiḥ-militāni-bhūtvā <br>
  sthūlāni ca sthūlaśarīrahetavaḥ |
sthūlāni-ca-sthūla-śarīra-hetavaḥ | <br>
  mātrāstadīyā viṣayā bhavanti  
mātrāḥ-tadīyā-viṣayāḥ-bhavanti <br>
  śabdādayaḥ pañca sukhāya bhoktuḥ || 74 ||
śabdādayaḥ-pañca-sukhāya-bhoktuḥ ||


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  By combining with each other, these gross elements become the cause of the gross body. The corresponding sensations are the objects of perception such as sound and others, forming the five sources of pleasure for the experiencer.
The mutual combinations of elements become gross and form the gross body, and their aspects, the five senses like sound, become the objects of enjoyment for the experiencer.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * paraspara-aṁśaiḥ - by mutual parts
{| class="wikitable"
  * militāni - combined
|-
  * bhūtvā - having become
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * sthūlāni - gross
|-
  * ca - and
| परस्पर (paraspara) || mutual || परस्पर
  * sthūlaśarīra-hetavaḥ - cause of the gross body
|-
  * mātrāḥ - sensations
| अंशैः (aṁśaiḥ) || by parts || भागों द्वारा
  * tadīyā - corresponding
|-
  * viṣayāḥ - objects
| मिलितानि (militāni) || combined || मिलकर
  * bhavanti - become
|-
  * śabda-ādayaḥ - sound and others
| भूत्वा (bhūtvā) || becoming || होने के बाद
  * pañca - five
|-
  * sukhāya - for pleasure
| स्थूलानि (sthūlāni) || gross || स्थूल
  * bhoktuḥ - of the experiencer
|-
| च (ca) || and || और
|-
| स्थूल-शरीर-हेतवः (sthūla-śarīra-hetavaḥ) || causes of the gross body || स्थूल शरीर के कारण
|-
| मात्राः (mātrāḥ) || measures || मात्राएँ
|-
| तदीया (tadīyā) || their || उनके
|-
| विषयाः (viṣayāḥ) || objects || विषय
|-
| भवन्ति (bhavanti) || become || बनते हैं
|-
| शब्द-आदयः (śabda-ādayaḥ) || starting from sound || शब्द आदि
|-
| पञ्च (pañca) || five || पाँच
|-
| सुखाय (sukhāya) || for pleasure || आनंद के लिए
|-
| भोक्तुः (bhoktuḥ) || of the experiencer || भोक्ता के
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka elaborates on the process of how the gross physical body (sthūlaśarīra) comes into being and its relationship with the world of sensory experiences. According to Vedantic metaphysics, the world is formed by the combination of subtle elements which coalesce into the gross elements. These gross elements (pañca mahābhūtas) are the building blocks of the material body and environment.  
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| परस्पर-अंशैः || मिलितानि भूत्वा || स्थूलानि || The mutual parts combine to become gross. || परस्पर भाग मिलकर स्थूल होते हैं।
|-
| स्थूलानि || भवन्ति || विषयाः || The gross elements become the objects. || स्थूल तत्व विषय बनते हैं।
|-
| विषयाः || भवन्ति || पञ्च सुखाय भोक्तुः || The objects become the five senses for the experiencer's enjoyment. || विषय भोक्ता के आनंद के लिए पाँच इंद्रियाँ बनते हैं।
|}


  The gross body is the vehicle through which the soul (ātman) experiences the world. The sloka states that the senses, which arise from these gross elements, are attuned to perceive specific objects or stimuli such as sound (śabda), touch, form, taste, and smell—collectively known as the pañca tanmātras or five subtle essences. These sensory objects are sources of pleasure for the individual, or bhoktā, the experiencer.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[sthūla-śarīra|sthūla-śarīra (स्थूल शरीर)]]
* [[pañca-viṣaya|pañca-viṣaya (पञ्च विषय)]]
* [[bhoktṛ|bhoktṛ (भोक्ता)]]


  This highlights a fundamental aspect of Vedantic philosophy: the interplay between the material and the spiritual. While the body and senses engage with the world providing a medium for experience, they are not the essence of the true self, which transcends these interactions. Thus, this verse serves as a reminder of the transient nature of sensory pleasures and the importance of seeking higher understanding beyond the physical realm.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Yogic Philosophy
* Sense Perception
* Gross Body
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse describes the process by which the gross body and sensory experiences are formed. The *para-apara aṁśa* (mutual parts) combine to form the *sthūla* (gross) elements that constitute the *sthūla-śarīra* (gross body). These gross elements also produce the *viṣayāḥ* (objects), such as *śabda* (sound) and other senses, that are utilized by *bhoktṛ* (the experiencer) for pleasure. It highlights the intricate connection between the elements and our sensory perceptions, emphasizing that each gross element contributes to the totality of human experience.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 16:00, 7 January 2025

Sloka 74

Sloka (श्लोक)

परस्परांशैर्मिलितानि भूत्वा
स्थूलानि च स्थूलशरीरहेतवः ।
मात्रास्तदीया विषया भवन्ति
शब्दादयः पञ्च सुखाय भोक्तुः ॥ ७४ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

परस्पर-अंशैः-मिलितानि-भूत्वा
स्थूलानि-च-स्थूल-शरीर-हेतवः
मात्राः-तदीया-विषयाः-भवन्ति
शब्द-आदयः-पञ्च-सुखाय-भोक्तुः

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

paraspara-aṁśaiḥ-militāni-bhūtvā
sthūlāni-ca-sthūla-śarīra-hetavaḥ |
mātrāḥ-tadīyā-viṣayāḥ-bhavanti
śabdādayaḥ-pañca-sukhāya-bhoktuḥ ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

The mutual combinations of elements become gross and form the gross body, and their aspects, the five senses like sound, become the objects of enjoyment for the experiencer.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
परस्पर (paraspara) mutual परस्पर
अंशैः (aṁśaiḥ) by parts भागों द्वारा
मिलितानि (militāni) combined मिलकर
भूत्वा (bhūtvā) becoming होने के बाद
स्थूलानि (sthūlāni) gross स्थूल
च (ca) and और
स्थूल-शरीर-हेतवः (sthūla-śarīra-hetavaḥ) causes of the gross body स्थूल शरीर के कारण
मात्राः (mātrāḥ) measures मात्राएँ
तदीया (tadīyā) their उनके
विषयाः (viṣayāḥ) objects विषय
भवन्ति (bhavanti) become बनते हैं
शब्द-आदयः (śabda-ādayaḥ) starting from sound शब्द आदि
पञ्च (pañca) five पाँच
सुखाय (sukhāya) for pleasure आनंद के लिए
भोक्तुः (bhoktuḥ) of the experiencer भोक्ता के

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
परस्पर-अंशैः मिलितानि भूत्वा स्थूलानि The mutual parts combine to become gross. परस्पर भाग मिलकर स्थूल होते हैं।
स्थूलानि भवन्ति विषयाः The gross elements become the objects. स्थूल तत्व विषय बनते हैं।
विषयाः भवन्ति पञ्च सुखाय भोक्तुः The objects become the five senses for the experiencer's enjoyment. विषय भोक्ता के आनंद के लिए पाँच इंद्रियाँ बनते हैं।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Yogic Philosophy
  • Sense Perception
  • Gross Body

Commentary (टीका)

This verse describes the process by which the gross body and sensory experiences are formed. The *para-apara aṁśa* (mutual parts) combine to form the *sthūla* (gross) elements that constitute the *sthūla-śarīra* (gross body). These gross elements also produce the *viṣayāḥ* (objects), such as *śabda* (sound) and other senses, that are utilized by *bhoktṛ* (the experiencer) for pleasure. It highlights the intricate connection between the elements and our sensory perceptions, emphasizing that each gross element contributes to the totality of human experience.

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