Sloka 71: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 71 ==
== Sloka 71 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
```mediawiki
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
यद्बोद्धव्यं तवेदानीमात्मानात्मविवेचनम् ।  
यद्बोद्धव्यं तवेदानीमात्मानात्मविवेचनम् ।
तदुच्यते मया सम्यक्श्रुत्वात्मन्यवधारय ॥ ७१ ॥  
तदुच्यते मया सम्यक्श्रुत्वात्मन्यवधारय ॥ ७१ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Here is an analysis of the provided sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
यत् बोध्दव्यं तव इदानीं आत्मा अनात्म विवेचनम् ।
तत् उच्यते मया सम्यक् श्रुत्वा आत्मनि अवधारय ॥


- **Transliteration:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  yad boddhavyaṁ tavedānīm ātmānātma-vivecanam |
yad boddhavyaṁ tava idānīm ātmā-anātma-vivecanam |
  tad ucyate mayā samyak śrutvātmany avadhāraya || 71 ||
tad ucyate mayā samyak śrutvā ātmani avadhāraya || 71 ||


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  What is to be understood by you now is the discrimination between the Self and the non-Self. That I explain thoroughly; listen carefully and comprehend this within yourself.
What needs to be understood now is the discernment between self and non-self; listen to it carefully and establish it within yourself.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * yad - what
{| class="wikitable"
  * boddhavyam - is to be understood
|-
  * tava - your
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * idānīm - now
|-
  * ātmā - the Self
| यत् (yat) || what || जो
  * anātma - non-Self
|-
  * vivecanam - discrimination
| बोध्दव्यं (boddhavyaṁ) || needs to be understood || समझा जाना चाहिए
  * tat - that
|-
  * ucyate - is said
| तव (tava) || your || तुम्हारा
  * mayā - by me
|-
  * samyak - thoroughly
| इदानीं (idānīm) || now || अब
  * śrutvā - having listened
|-
  * ātmani - in the Self
| आत्मा (ātmā) || self || आत्मा
  * avadhāraya - comprehend
|-
| अनात्म (anātma) || non-self || अनात्मा
|-
| विवेचनम् (vivecanam) || discernment || विवेचन
|-
| तत् (tat) || that || वह
|-
| उच्यते (ucyate) || is said || कहा जाता है
|-
| मया (mayā) || by me || मेरे द्वारा
|-
| सम्यक् (samyak) || carefully || ठीक से
|-
| श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) || having heard || सुनकर
|-
| आत्मनि (ātmani) || within oneself || आत्मा में
|-
| अवधारय (avadhāraya) || establish || स्थापित करो
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka emphasizes the importance of discerning the difference between the 'Self' (ātman) and 'non-Self' (anātman). In Vedantic philosophy, understanding this discrimination is fundamental to spiritual growth and the attainment of true knowledge or moksha (liberation). The verse is an instruction from a teacher to a student, illustrating the tradition of oral transmission of wisdom in the Guru-śiṣya paramparā (teacher-disciple lineage).
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| मया || उच्यते || यत् बोध्दव्यं || I say what needs to be understood. || मैं वह कहता हूँ जो समझा जाना चाहिए।
|-
| तव || अवधारय || आत्मविवेचनम् || You establish the discernment of self. || तुम आत्मा का विवेचन स्थापित करो।
|-
| तव || अवधारय || अनात्मविवेचनम् || You establish the discernment of non-self. || तुम अनात्मा का विवेचन स्थापित करो।
|}


  The 'Self', or ātman, refers to the eternal, unchanging reality that is the true essence of an individual. In contrast, the 'non-Self', or anātman, comprises the body, mind, and intellect, which are temporary and subject to change.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[vivecanam|vivecanam (विवेचन)]]
* [[ātman|ātman (आत्मा)]]
* [[anātman|anātman (अनात्म)]]


  The teacher encourages the student to 'listen' and 'comprehend,' indicating that mere hearing is not sufficient; one must internalize and actualize this knowledge. It signifies a shift from theoretical understanding to practical realization. This sloka, therefore, serves as a crucial reminder of the need for focused inquiry and meditation to differentiate between what is real and unreal, leading one closer to self-realization.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Discernment
* Self-Realization
* Vedanta
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse emphasizes the Vedantic practice of distinguishing between the *ātman* (self) and *anātman* (non-self). It encourages a student to listen carefully to the teachings and integrate this understanding internally. The process of *vivecanam*, or discernment, is crucial for spiritual progress, enabling practitioners to identify and align with their true nature beyond the transient aspects of existence. Through *śrutvā* (hearing) and *avadhāraya* (establishing), aspirants can deepen their insight into the eternal versus the ephemeral.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 15:59, 7 January 2025

Sloka 71

```mediawiki

Sloka (श्लोक)

यद्बोद्धव्यं तवेदानीमात्मानात्मविवेचनम् ।
तदुच्यते मया सम्यक्श्रुत्वात्मन्यवधारय ॥ ७१ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

यत् बोध्दव्यं तव इदानीं आत्मा अनात्म विवेचनम् । तत् उच्यते मया सम्यक् श्रुत्वा आत्मनि अवधारय ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

yad boddhavyaṁ tava idānīm ātmā-anātma-vivecanam | tad ucyate mayā samyak śrutvā ātmani avadhāraya || 71 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

What needs to be understood now is the discernment between self and non-self; listen to it carefully and establish it within yourself.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
यत् (yat) what जो
बोध्दव्यं (boddhavyaṁ) needs to be understood समझा जाना चाहिए
तव (tava) your तुम्हारा
इदानीं (idānīm) now अब
आत्मा (ātmā) self आत्मा
अनात्म (anātma) non-self अनात्मा
विवेचनम् (vivecanam) discernment विवेचन
तत् (tat) that वह
उच्यते (ucyate) is said कहा जाता है
मया (mayā) by me मेरे द्वारा
सम्यक् (samyak) carefully ठीक से
श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) having heard सुनकर
आत्मनि (ātmani) within oneself आत्मा में
अवधारय (avadhāraya) establish स्थापित करो

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
मया उच्यते यत् बोध्दव्यं I say what needs to be understood. मैं वह कहता हूँ जो समझा जाना चाहिए।
तव अवधारय आत्मविवेचनम् You establish the discernment of self. तुम आत्मा का विवेचन स्थापित करो।
तव अवधारय अनात्मविवेचनम् You establish the discernment of non-self. तुम अनात्मा का विवेचन स्थापित करो।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Discernment
  • Self-Realization
  • Vedanta

Commentary (टीका)

This verse emphasizes the Vedantic practice of distinguishing between the *ātman* (self) and *anātman* (non-self). It encourages a student to listen carefully to the teachings and integrate this understanding internally. The process of *vivecanam*, or discernment, is crucial for spiritual progress, enabling practitioners to identify and align with their true nature beyond the transient aspects of existence. Through *śrutvā* (hearing) and *avadhāraya* (establishing), aspirants can deepen their insight into the eternal versus the ephemeral.

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