Sloka 471: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 471 ==
== Sloka 471 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
अकर्ताहमभोक्ताहमविकारोऽहमक्रियः ।  
निरस्तरागा विनिरस्तभोगाः
शुद्धबोधस्वरूपोऽहं केवलोऽहं सदाशिवः ॥ ४९0 ॥  
शान्ताः सुदान्ता यतयो महान्तः ।
विज्ञाय तत्त्वं परमेतदन्ते
प्राप्ताः परां निर्वृतिमात्मयोगात् ॥ ४७१ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


- Transliteration:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
  AkartAhamabhoktAhamavikAro'hamakriyaH |
निरस्त-रागाः<br />
  shuddhabodhasvarUpo'ham kevalo'ham sadAshivaH || 490 ||
विनिरस्त-भोगाः<br />
शान्ताः<br />
सुदान्ताः<br />
यतयः<br />
महान्तः<br />
विज्ञाय<br />
तत्त्वं<br />
परमेतदन्ते<br />
प्राप्ताः<br />
परां<br />
निर्वृतिम्<br />
आत्म-योगात्


- Translation:
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  I am not the doer nor the enjoyer, I am changeless and devoid of actions. I am the pure embodiment of consciousness, I am alone, and I am the eternally auspicious one, Sadashiva.
nirasta-rāgāḥ vinirasta-bhogāḥ śāntāḥ sudāntāḥ yatayo mahāntaḥ | vijñāya tattvaṁ param etadante prāptāḥ parāṁ nirvṛtim ātma-yogāt || 471 ||


- Word Meanings:
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  * akartA - not the doer
The great ascetics, having eliminated desires and pleasures, attaining peace, control, and knowledge of the supreme truth, ultimately achieve supreme bliss through self-realization.
  * aham - I
  * abhoktA - not the enjoyer
  * avikAraH - changeless
  * akriyaH - devoid of actions
  * shuddha - pure
  * bodha - consciousness
  * svarUpaH - nature/essence
  * aham - I
  * kevalaH - alone
  * aham - I
  * sadAshivaH - eternally auspicious one / Sadashiva


- Commentary:
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  This verse reflects the core principles of non-dualistic (Advaita) Vedanta, emphasizing the inherent nature of the self or Atman as separate from the functions and activities of the material body and mind. It asserts a profound state of being that transcends actions (karma) and experiences (bhoga). By declaring "I am not the doer nor the enjoyer," it dismantles the ordinary identification with the ego (ahamkara) which perceives oneself as the center of actions and experiences.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| निरस्त-रागाः (nirasta-rāgāḥ) || devoid of attachment || राग रहित
|-
| विनिरस्त-भोगाः (vinirasta-bhogāḥ) || devoid of pleasures || भोग रहित
|-
| शान्ताः (śāntāḥ) || peaceful || शांत
|-
| सुदान्ताः (sudāntāḥ) || well-controlled || अच्छे से संयमित
|-
| यतयः (yatayaḥ) || ascetics || तपस्वी
|-
| महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) || great || महान
|-
| विज्ञाय (vijñāya) || having known || जानकर
|-
| तत्त्वं (tattvaṁ) || the essence || तत्व
|-
| परम (param) || supreme || परम
|-
| एतदन्ते (etadante) || at the end || अंत में
|-
| प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) || attained || प्राप्त
|-
| परां (parāṁ) || supreme || परम
|-
| निर्वृतिम् (nirvṛtim) || bliss || निर्वृत्ति
|-
| आत्म-योगात् (ātma-yogāt) || through self-realization || आत्मज्ञान से
|}


  The assertion of being "changeless" (avikAra) and "devoid of actions" (akriya) speaks to the immutable, eternal nature of the self, which, unlike the body and mind, does not undergo modifications or transformations. This inherent nature is characterized as "pure consciousness" (shuddha bodha), pointing towards the Atman's fundamental attribute as awareness itself, untainted by material involvements or constraints.
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| महान्तः यतयः || प्राप्ताः || परां निर्वृतिम् || The great ascetics attained supreme bliss. || महान तपस्वी परम निर्वृत्ति प्राप्त करते हैं।
|-
| यतयः || विज्ञाय || तत्त्वं || The ascetics having known the essence. || तपस्वी तत्व को जानकर।
|-
| यतयः || (implied state of being) || निरस्तरागाः, विनिरस्तभोगाः, शान्ताः, सुदान्ताः || Ascetics are devoid of desires, pleasures, peaceful, and well-controlled. || तपस्वी राग, भोगरहित, शांत, अच्छे से संयमित होते हैं।
|}


  The expression "I am alone" (kevala) does not imply isolation but rather a profound completeness and self-sufficiency, resonating with the non-dualistic theme where there is no second entity apart from the self. Ultimately, by identifying oneself as "Sadashiva," it acknowledges the ultimate reality and divinity inherent within oneself. Sadashiva, often associated with the highest form of auspiciousness and eternal presence, reinforces the notion that the self is the ultimate truth, free from all limitations and eternally blissful.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[nirasta-rāga|nirasta-rāga (निरस्तराग)]]
* [[vinirasta-bhoga|vinirasta-bhoga (विनिरस्तभोग)]]
* [[śānta|śānta (शान्त)]]
* [[sudānta|sudānta (सुदान्त)]]
* [[ātma-yoga|ātma-yoga (आत्मयोग)]]


  This sloka serves as a powerful reminder of the ultimate goal of self-realization, where the practitioner transcends duality and experiences oneness with the divine, recognizing their true nature as the absolute consciousness that permeates everything.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Detachment
* Self-realization
* Inner Peace
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse beautifully encapsulates the journey of a '''yati''', or ascetic, towards spiritual liberation. The ''nirasta-rāgāḥ'' (devoid of attachment) and ''vinirasta-bhogāḥ'' (devoid of pleasures) become symbols of renunciation essential for the inward journey. The text suggests that through ''śānti'' (peace) and ''sudānta'' (self-control), these wise ones are able to ''vijñāya'' (know) the ''tattva'' (essence) of the ''param'' (supreme) reality. At the culmination of their ''ātma-yoga'' (self-realization), they earn ''parāṁ nirvṛtim'' (supreme bliss), which signifies the ultimate spiritual goal in many dharmic traditions. The sloka highlights the ascetic's disciplined path, free from worldly desires and focused on spiritual truths.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 17:04, 2 February 2025

Sloka 471

Sloka (श्लोक)

निरस्तरागा विनिरस्तभोगाः
शान्ताः सुदान्ता यतयो महान्तः ।
विज्ञाय तत्त्वं परमेतदन्ते
प्राप्ताः परां निर्वृतिमात्मयोगात् ॥ ४७१ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

निरस्त-रागाः
विनिरस्त-भोगाः
शान्ताः
सुदान्ताः
यतयः
महान्तः
विज्ञाय
तत्त्वं
परमेतदन्ते
प्राप्ताः
परां
निर्वृतिम्
आत्म-योगात्

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

nirasta-rāgāḥ vinirasta-bhogāḥ śāntāḥ sudāntāḥ yatayo mahāntaḥ | vijñāya tattvaṁ param etadante prāptāḥ parāṁ nirvṛtim ātma-yogāt || 471 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

The great ascetics, having eliminated desires and pleasures, attaining peace, control, and knowledge of the supreme truth, ultimately achieve supreme bliss through self-realization.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
निरस्त-रागाः (nirasta-rāgāḥ) devoid of attachment राग रहित
विनिरस्त-भोगाः (vinirasta-bhogāḥ) devoid of pleasures भोग रहित
शान्ताः (śāntāḥ) peaceful शांत
सुदान्ताः (sudāntāḥ) well-controlled अच्छे से संयमित
यतयः (yatayaḥ) ascetics तपस्वी
महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) great महान
विज्ञाय (vijñāya) having known जानकर
तत्त्वं (tattvaṁ) the essence तत्व
परम (param) supreme परम
एतदन्ते (etadante) at the end अंत में
प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) attained प्राप्त
परां (parāṁ) supreme परम
निर्वृतिम् (nirvṛtim) bliss निर्वृत्ति
आत्म-योगात् (ātma-yogāt) through self-realization आत्मज्ञान से

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
महान्तः यतयः प्राप्ताः परां निर्वृतिम् The great ascetics attained supreme bliss. महान तपस्वी परम निर्वृत्ति प्राप्त करते हैं।
यतयः विज्ञाय तत्त्वं The ascetics having known the essence. तपस्वी तत्व को जानकर।
यतयः (implied state of being) निरस्तरागाः, विनिरस्तभोगाः, शान्ताः, सुदान्ताः Ascetics are devoid of desires, pleasures, peaceful, and well-controlled. तपस्वी राग, भोगरहित, शांत, अच्छे से संयमित होते हैं।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Detachment
  • Self-realization
  • Inner Peace

Commentary (टीका)

This verse beautifully encapsulates the journey of a yati, or ascetic, towards spiritual liberation. The nirasta-rāgāḥ (devoid of attachment) and vinirasta-bhogāḥ (devoid of pleasures) become symbols of renunciation essential for the inward journey. The text suggests that through śānti (peace) and sudānta (self-control), these wise ones are able to vijñāya (know) the tattva (essence) of the param (supreme) reality. At the culmination of their ātma-yoga (self-realization), they earn parāṁ nirvṛtim (supreme bliss), which signifies the ultimate spiritual goal in many dharmic traditions. The sloka highlights the ascetic's disciplined path, free from worldly desires and focused on spiritual truths.

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