Sloka 355: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 355 ==
== Sloka 355 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
देहप्राणेन्द्रियमनोबुद्ध्यादिभिरुपाधिभिः ।  
शान्तो दान्तः परमुपरतः क्षान्तियुक्तः समाधिं
यैर्यैर्वृत्तेःसमायोगस्ततद्भावोऽस्य योगिनः ॥ ३७0 ॥  
कुर्वन्नित्यं कलयति यतिः स्वस्य सर्वात्मभावम् ।
तेनाविद्यातिमिरजनितान्साधु दग्ध्वा विकल्पान्
ब्रह्माकृत्या निवसति सुखं निष्क्रियो निर्विकल्पः ॥ ३५५ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Here is the requested analysis of the sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
शान्तः 
दान्तः 
परमुपरतः 
क्षान्तियुक्तः 
समाधिं 
कुर्वन् 
नित्यम् 
कलयति 
यतिः 
स्वस्य 
सर्वात्मभावम् 
तेन 
अविद्या-तिमिर-जनितान् 
साधु 
दग्ध्वा 
विकल्पान् 
ब्रह्माकृत्या 
निवसति 
सुखम् 
निष्क्रियः 
निर्विकल्पः 


- Transliteration:
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  Deha-prāṇa-indriya-mano-buddhyādibhir-upādhibhiḥ, yair-yair-vṛtteḥ samāyogastatad-bhāvo'sya yoginaḥ.
śāntaḥ dāntaḥ paramuparataḥ kṣāntiyuktaḥ samādhiṁ kurvannityaṁ kalayati yatiḥ svasya sarvātma-bhāvam | tenāvidyā-timira-janitān sādhu dagdhvā vikalpān brahmākṛtyā nivasati sukhaṁ niṣkriyo nirvikalpaḥ || 355 ||


- Translation:
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  The state of the yogi is influenced by the association with various adjuncts such as the body, life force, senses, mind, intellect, and so on, and by whatever functions arise from these.
The ascetic, who is peaceful, self-controlled, and detached, having constant meditation, perceives his oneness with all; thus, having destroyed all ignorance-born delusions, he remains in bliss, inactive and free of doubts.


- Word Meanings:
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * deha – body
{| class="wikitable"
  * prāṇa – life force
|-
  * indriya – senses
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * manaḥ – mind
|-
  * buddhi – intellect
| शान्तः (śāntaḥ) || peaceful || शांत
  * ādibhiḥ – and so on
|-
  * upādhibhiḥ – by means of the adjuncts
| दान्तः (dāntaḥ) || self-controlled || संयमी
  * yaiḥ – with which
|-
  * yaiḥ – by which
| परम-उपरतः (param-uparataḥ) || supremely detached || परम विरक्त
  * vṛtteḥ – of the functions
|-
  * samāyogaḥ – association
| क्षान्तियुक्तः (kṣāntiyuktaḥ) || endowed with forgiveness || क्षमा से युक्त
  * tatad-bhāvaḥ – that specific state
|-
  * asya – his (of the yogi)
| समाधिं (samādhiṁ) || meditation || समाधि
  * yoginaḥ – of the yogi
|-
| कुर्वन् (kurvan) || performing || करते हुए
|-
| नित्यम् (nityam) || constantly || हमेशा
|-
| कलयति (kalayati) || perceives || अनुभव करता है
|-
| यतिः (yatiḥ) || ascetic || यति
|-
| स्वस्य (svasya) || his own || अपने
|-
| सर्वात्म-भावम् (sarvātma-bhāvam) || oneness with all || सर्वात्म भाव
|-
| तेन (tena) || by him || उसके द्वारा
|-
| अविद्या-तिमिर-जनितान् (avidyā-timira-janitān) || ignorance-born || अविद्या के कारण उत्पन्न
|-
| साधु (sādhu) || well || अच्छे से
|-
| दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) || having destroyed || जला देने के बाद
|-
| विकल्पान् (vikalpān) || delusions || विकल्प
|-
| ब्रह्माकृत्या (brahmākṛtyā) || in the form of Brahman || ब्रह्म रूप में
|-
| निवसति (nivasati) || resides || निवास करता है
|-
| सुखम् (sukham) || bliss || आनंद
|-
| निष्क्रियः (niṣkriyaḥ) || inactive || निष्क्रिय
|-
| निर्विकल्पः (nirvikalpaḥ) || free of doubts || संशयरहित
|}


- Commentary:
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka elucidates the diversity of experiences and states a yogi undergoes due to the interplay between the self and various limiting adjuncts (upādhis), such as the body, prāṇa (life force), senses, mind, and intellect. In Vedantic philosophy, these adjuncts are often considered layers or sheaths that cover the true self or ātman, obscuring its pure nature. The yogi's state is not fixed but influenced by the particular combination and functioning of these adjuncts at any given moment. This reflects a key Vedantic idea: while the ātman is inherently pure and unchanging, the empirical experiences and conditioned states are transient and influenced by external factors. Mastery in yoga involves recognizing this multiplicity of states while maintaining awareness of the immutable reality of the self. Liberation (moksha) is realized when these adjuncts no longer influence one's true state, and the yogi recognizes their essential identity with the ātman, free from the conditions imposed by upādhis.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| यतिः || कलयति || सर्वात्मभावम् || The ascetic perceives oneness with all. || यति सर्वात्म भाव का अनुभव करता है।
|-
| यतिः || दग्ध्वा || विकल्पान् || The ascetic destroys delusions. || यति विकल्प को नष्ट करता है।
|-
| यतिः || निवसति || सुखम् || The ascetic resides in bliss. || यति सुख में निवास करता है।
|}
 
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[śānti|śānti (शान्ति)]]
* [[dama|dama (दम)]]
* [[kṣānti|kṣānti (क्षान्ति)]]
* [[samādhi|samādhi (समाधि)]]
* [[sarvātma-bhāva|sarvātma-bhāva (सर्वात्म-भाव)]]
* [[avidyā|avidyā (अविद्या)]]
* [[brahman|brahman (ब्रह्म)]]
* [[nirvikalpa|nirvikalpa (निर्विकल्प)]]
 
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Meditation
* Self-realization
* Detachment
* Bliss
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
In this sloka, the characteristics of a '''yati''', or ascetic, are elucidated. The '''yati''' remains peaceful ('''śāntaḥ''') and in control over his senses ('''dāntaḥ'''), exhibits supreme detachment ('''param-uparataḥ''') and is endowed with forgiveness ('''kṣāntiyuktaḥ'''). Engaging constantly in '''samādhi''', this ascetic perceives the oneness of all beings ('''sarvātma-bhāvam'''). His realization is profound, eradicating ignorance-induced misconceptions ('''avidyā'''). The '''yati''', by understanding his essential nature as '''brahman''', achieves a state of joyous peace, existing without action ('''niṣkriyaḥ''') and free from doubts ('''nirvikalpaḥ'''). This sloka beautifully illustrates the journey towards spiritual enlightenment and ultimate liberation.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 13:14, 1 February 2025

Sloka 355

Sloka (श्लोक)

शान्तो दान्तः परमुपरतः क्षान्तियुक्तः समाधिं
कुर्वन्नित्यं कलयति यतिः स्वस्य सर्वात्मभावम् ।
तेनाविद्यातिमिरजनितान्साधु दग्ध्वा विकल्पान्
ब्रह्माकृत्या निवसति सुखं निष्क्रियो निर्विकल्पः ॥ ३५५ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

शान्तः दान्तः परमुपरतः क्षान्तियुक्तः समाधिं कुर्वन् नित्यम् कलयति यतिः स्वस्य सर्वात्मभावम् तेन अविद्या-तिमिर-जनितान् साधु दग्ध्वा विकल्पान् ब्रह्माकृत्या निवसति सुखम् निष्क्रियः निर्विकल्पः

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

śāntaḥ dāntaḥ paramuparataḥ kṣāntiyuktaḥ samādhiṁ kurvannityaṁ kalayati yatiḥ svasya sarvātma-bhāvam | tenāvidyā-timira-janitān sādhu dagdhvā vikalpān brahmākṛtyā nivasati sukhaṁ niṣkriyo nirvikalpaḥ || 355 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

The ascetic, who is peaceful, self-controlled, and detached, having constant meditation, perceives his oneness with all; thus, having destroyed all ignorance-born delusions, he remains in bliss, inactive and free of doubts.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
शान्तः (śāntaḥ) peaceful शांत
दान्तः (dāntaḥ) self-controlled संयमी
परम-उपरतः (param-uparataḥ) supremely detached परम विरक्त
क्षान्तियुक्तः (kṣāntiyuktaḥ) endowed with forgiveness क्षमा से युक्त
समाधिं (samādhiṁ) meditation समाधि
कुर्वन् (kurvan) performing करते हुए
नित्यम् (nityam) constantly हमेशा
कलयति (kalayati) perceives अनुभव करता है
यतिः (yatiḥ) ascetic यति
स्वस्य (svasya) his own अपने
सर्वात्म-भावम् (sarvātma-bhāvam) oneness with all सर्वात्म भाव
तेन (tena) by him उसके द्वारा
अविद्या-तिमिर-जनितान् (avidyā-timira-janitān) ignorance-born अविद्या के कारण उत्पन्न
साधु (sādhu) well अच्छे से
दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) having destroyed जला देने के बाद
विकल्पान् (vikalpān) delusions विकल्प
ब्रह्माकृत्या (brahmākṛtyā) in the form of Brahman ब्रह्म रूप में
निवसति (nivasati) resides निवास करता है
सुखम् (sukham) bliss आनंद
निष्क्रियः (niṣkriyaḥ) inactive निष्क्रिय
निर्विकल्पः (nirvikalpaḥ) free of doubts संशयरहित

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
यतिः कलयति सर्वात्मभावम् The ascetic perceives oneness with all. यति सर्वात्म भाव का अनुभव करता है।
यतिः दग्ध्वा विकल्पान् The ascetic destroys delusions. यति विकल्प को नष्ट करता है।
यतिः निवसति सुखम् The ascetic resides in bliss. यति सुख में निवास करता है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Meditation
  • Self-realization
  • Detachment
  • Bliss

Commentary (टीका)

In this sloka, the characteristics of a yati, or ascetic, are elucidated. The yati remains peaceful (śāntaḥ) and in control over his senses (dāntaḥ), exhibits supreme detachment (param-uparataḥ) and is endowed with forgiveness (kṣāntiyuktaḥ). Engaging constantly in samādhi, this ascetic perceives the oneness of all beings (sarvātma-bhāvam). His realization is profound, eradicating ignorance-induced misconceptions (avidyā). The yati, by understanding his essential nature as brahman, achieves a state of joyous peace, existing without action (niṣkriyaḥ) and free from doubts (nirvikalpaḥ). This sloka beautifully illustrates the journey towards spiritual enlightenment and ultimate liberation.

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