Sloka 126: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 126 ==
== Sloka 126 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
येन विश्वमिदं व्याप्तं यं न व्याप्नोति किंचन ।  
यो विजानाति सकलं जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु ।
अभारूपमिदं सर्वं यं भान्त्यमनुभात्ययम् ॥ १२८ ॥  
बुद्धितद्वृत्तिसद्भावमभावमहमित्ययम् ॥ १२६ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's analyze the given sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
यो 
विजानाति 
सकलं 
जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु 
बुद्धि-तद्वृत्ति-सद्भावम्
अभावम् 
अहम्-इति 
अयम् 


Sloka:
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
येन विश्वमिदं व्याप्तं यं न व्याप्नोति किंचन ।
yo vijānāti sakalaṁ jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptiṣu buddhi-tad-vṛtti-sadbhāvamabhāvam aham-iti ayam || 126 ||
अभारूपमिदं सर्वं यं भान्त्यमनुभात्ययम् ॥ १२८ ॥


- Transliteration:
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  yena viśvam idaṁ vyāptaṁ yaṁ na vyāpnoti kiñcana |
He who knows everything in the states of waking, dreaming, and deep sleep, this one experiences the existence and non-existence of the mind's modifications as 'I'.
  abhārūpam idaṁ sarvaṁ yaṁ bhāntyam anubhātyayam || 128 ||


- Translation:
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  By whom this entire universe is pervaded, whom nothing can pervade;
  That which is of the nature of non-being, yet all this appears to shine after that shining.


- Word Meanings:
{| class="wikitable"
  * yena - by whom
|-
  * viśvam - the universe
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * idam - this
|-
  * vyāptam - is pervaded
| यः (yaḥ) || who || जो
  * yam - whom
|-
  * na - not
| विजानाति (vijānāti) || knows || जानता है
  * vyāpnoti - pervades
|-
  * kiñcana - anything, nothing
| सकलम् (sakalaṁ) || everything || सम्पूर्ण
  * abhārūpam - of the nature of non-being
|-
  * idam - this
| जाग्रत्-स्वप्न-सुषुप्तिषु (jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptiṣu) || in waking, dream, and deep sleep || जाग्रत, स्वप्न और सुषुप्ति में
  * sarvam - all
|-
  * yam - whom
| बुद्धि-तद्वृत्ति-सद्भावम् (buddhi-tad-vṛtti-sadbhāvam) || the existence of the mind's modifications || बुद्धि की गतिविधियों का अस्तित्व
  * bhānti - appear to shine
|-
  * anubhāti - shines after
| अभावम् (abhāvam) || non-existence || अभाव
  * ayam - this
|-
| अहम्-इति (aham-iti) || as 'I' || 'मैं' के रूप में
|-
| अयम् (ayam) || this one || यही
|}


- Commentary:
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka beautifully encapsulates the essence of Advaita Vedanta, highlighting the concept of Brahman as the ultimate, all-pervading reality. The idea here is that the entire universe is pervaded by a singular consciousness (Brahman) which itself is not pervaded or restricted by anything, implying its infinite nature. The paradoxical notion of "abhārūpam" or 'of the nature of non-being' points to the transcendence of Brahman beyond the grasp of the mind and senses; it is not something that can be conceptualized or categorized.


  The second line emphasizes that everything that appears to shine in the universe derives its existence and illumination from this singular reality, even though Brahman itself remains unchanged and unaffected. This suggests that the perceived universe and all experiences are secondary, relying on the fundamental reality of Brahman, akin to how the light of the moon is actually a reflection of the light of the sun. This sloka underscores the continuity and dependency of the manifest world on the unmanifest absolute, challenging us to look beyond appearances to the essence that sustains all existence.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| यः || विजानाति || सकलम् || Who knows everything || जो सम्पूर्ण जानता है
|-
| अयम् || विजानाति || जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु || This one knows in waking, dream, and deep sleep || यही जाग्रत, स्वप्न और सुषुप्ति में जानता है
|-
| अयम् || विजानाति || बुद्धितद्वृत्तिसद्भावम् अभावम् || This one knows the existence and non-existence of the mind's modifications || यही बुद्धि की गतिविधियों का अस्तित्व और अभाव जानता है
|-
| अयम् || विजानाति || अहम्-इति || This one knows as 'I' || यही 'मैं' के रूप में जानता है
|}
 
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[jāgrat|jāgrat (जाग्रत)]]
* [[svapna|svapna (स्वप्न)]]
* [[suṣupti|suṣupti (सुषुप्ति)]]
* [[buddhi-vṛtti|buddhi-vṛtti (बुद्धि-वृत्ति)]]
* [[aham|aham (अहम्)]]
 
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Consciousness
* States of Mind
* Self-Realization
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse from the Vedantic tradition speaks about the true self, the ''ātman'', which remains constant and aware through the three states of consciousness: waking (''jāgrat''), dreaming (''svapna''), and deep sleep (''suṣupti''). The verse emphasizes the distinction between the transient modifications of the mind (''buddhi-vṛtti'') and the immutable awareness (''aham'') that perceives these changes. The ''ātman'' perceives the presence (''sadbhāvam'') and absence (''abhāvam'') of these mental fluctuations. This illustrates the philosophy of self-realization, recognizing one's true nature beyond the ephemeral states and thoughts.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 23:52, 31 January 2025

Sloka 126

Sloka (श्लोक)

यो विजानाति सकलं जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु ।
बुद्धितद्वृत्तिसद्भावमभावमहमित्ययम् ॥ १२६ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

यो विजानाति सकलं जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु बुद्धि-तद्वृत्ति-सद्भावम् अभावम् अहम्-इति अयम्

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

yo vijānāti sakalaṁ jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptiṣu buddhi-tad-vṛtti-sadbhāvamabhāvam aham-iti ayam || 126 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

He who knows everything in the states of waking, dreaming, and deep sleep, this one experiences the existence and non-existence of the mind's modifications as 'I'.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
यः (yaḥ) who जो
विजानाति (vijānāti) knows जानता है
सकलम् (sakalaṁ) everything सम्पूर्ण
जाग्रत्-स्वप्न-सुषुप्तिषु (jāgrat-svapna-suṣuptiṣu) in waking, dream, and deep sleep जाग्रत, स्वप्न और सुषुप्ति में
बुद्धि-तद्वृत्ति-सद्भावम् (buddhi-tad-vṛtti-sadbhāvam) the existence of the mind's modifications बुद्धि की गतिविधियों का अस्तित्व
अभावम् (abhāvam) non-existence अभाव
अहम्-इति (aham-iti) as 'I' 'मैं' के रूप में
अयम् (ayam) this one यही

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
यः विजानाति सकलम् Who knows everything जो सम्पूर्ण जानता है
अयम् विजानाति जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तिषु This one knows in waking, dream, and deep sleep यही जाग्रत, स्वप्न और सुषुप्ति में जानता है
अयम् विजानाति बुद्धितद्वृत्तिसद्भावम् अभावम् This one knows the existence and non-existence of the mind's modifications यही बुद्धि की गतिविधियों का अस्तित्व और अभाव जानता है
अयम् विजानाति अहम्-इति This one knows as 'I' यही 'मैं' के रूप में जानता है

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Consciousness
  • States of Mind
  • Self-Realization

Commentary (टीका)

This verse from the Vedantic tradition speaks about the true self, the ātman, which remains constant and aware through the three states of consciousness: waking (jāgrat), dreaming (svapna), and deep sleep (suṣupti). The verse emphasizes the distinction between the transient modifications of the mind (buddhi-vṛtti) and the immutable awareness (aham) that perceives these changes. The ātman perceives the presence (sadbhāvam) and absence (abhāvam) of these mental fluctuations. This illustrates the philosophy of self-realization, recognizing one's true nature beyond the ephemeral states and thoughts.

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