Sutra 2 1 26: Difference between revisions
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=== English === | === English === | ||
This sūtra states that direct perception arises due to the causal condition of the conjunction between the sense organ and its object. Furthermore, this process of conjunction is explicitly referred to by its own term (‘saṃyoga’) in the Nyāya texts. Thus, the sūtra clarifies that the coming together of sense and object is the instrumental cause of perception and is specifically designated as such. | This sūtra states that direct perception arises due to the causal condition of the conjunction between the sense organ and its object. Furthermore, this process of conjunction is explicitly referred to by its own term (‘saṃyoga’) in the Nyāya texts. Thus, the sūtra clarifies that the coming together of sense and object is the instrumental cause of perception and is specifically designated as such. | ||
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==== <big>Edited Concept List</big> ==== | |||
*प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa) perception | |||
*सन्निकर्ष | |||
*इन्द्रिय (indriya) – sense organ | |||
* अर्थ (artha) – object | |||
Latest revision as of 13:32, 15 May 2025
Sutra 2_1_26
Original Text:
प्रत्यक्षनिमित्तत्वाच्चेन्द्रियार्थयोः सन्त्रिकर्षस्य स्वशब्देन वचनम्
Word-by-Word Breakdown
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Meaning | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| प्रत्यक्ष | pratyakṣa | प्रत्यक्ष – इन्द्रिय द्वारा प्रत्यक्ष रूप से ग्रहण किया गया ज्ञान | direct perception; knowledge acquired through the senses | निमित्तत्वात् | nimittatvāt | कारण होने के कारण | due to being the cause; because of being the instrumental condition | च | ca | और | and | इन्द्रियार्थयोः | indriyārthayoḥ | इन्द्रिय और विषय दोनों के | of the sense organ and the object (both) | सन्त्रिकर्षस्य | santrikarṣasya | संयोग की प्रक्रिया का | of the process of conjunction (contact) | स्वशब्देन | svaśabdena | अपने शब्द द्वारा | by its own term; by its own designation | वचनम् | vacanam | कथन किया गया है | is stated; is mentioned |
Concept List
- प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa) – direct perception
- निमित्तत्व (nimittatva) – causal condition
- इन्द्रिय (indriya) – sense organ
- अर्थ (artha) – object (of sense)
- इन्द्रियार्थ संयोग (indriyārtha saṃyoga) – conjunction of sense and object
- स्वशब्द (svaśabda) – own term/designation
- वचन (vacana) – statement/mention
Subject–Verb–Object Triples
- Direct perception – is caused by – conjunction of sense and object
- Conjunction of sense and object – is stated by – its own term
Triple Tables
Hindi
| विषय (S) | संबंध (V) | वस्तु (O) |
|---|---|---|
| प्रत्यक्ष | कारण है | इन्द्रियार्थ संयोग |
| इन्द्रियार्थ संयोग | अपने शब्द द्वारा कहा गया है | वचन |
English
| Subject (S) | Relation (V) | Object (O) |
|---|---|---|
| Direct perception | is caused by | conjunction of sense and object |
| Conjunction of sense and object | is stated by its own term | statement |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi
इस सूत्र में कहा गया है कि प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान का कारण इन्द्रिय और विषय के संयोग की प्रक्रिया है। यह संयोग अपने ही नाम (संयोग) से शास्त्र में कहा गया है, अर्थात् ‘संयोग’ शब्द का प्रयोग इसी अर्थ में किया गया है। यहाँ प्रत्यक्ष के निमित्त रूप में इन्द्रिय और विषय के संयोग को स्पष्ट किया गया है।
English
This sūtra states that direct perception arises due to the causal condition of the conjunction between the sense organ and its object. Furthermore, this process of conjunction is explicitly referred to by its own term (‘saṃyoga’) in the Nyāya texts. Thus, the sūtra clarifies that the coming together of sense and object is the instrumental cause of perception and is specifically designated as such.
Edited Concept List
- प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa) perception
- सन्निकर्ष
- इन्द्रिय (indriya) – sense organ
- अर्थ (artha) – object