Sloka 413: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 413 ==
== Sloka 413 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
यस्य स्थिता भवेत्प्रज्ञा यस्यानन्दो निरन्तरः ।  
छायेव पुंसः परिदृश्यमान्
प्रपञ्चो विस्मृतप्रायः स जीवन्मुक्त इष्यते ॥ ४२८ ॥  
माभासरूपेण फलानुभूत्या ।
शरीरमाराच्छववन्निरस्तं
पुनर्न संधत्त इदं महात्मा ॥ ४१३ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Let's delve into this sloka.
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
छायया इव
पुंसः परिदृश्यमान्
मा अभासरूपेण
फलानुभूत्या ।
शरीरं आराच्छववत्
निरस्तं
पुनः न
संधत्ते
इदं महात्मा ॥


- **Transliteration:**
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  Yasya sthitā bhavetprajñā yasyānando nirantaraḥ । 
chāyeva puṁsaḥ paridṛśyamāna mābhāsarūpeṇa phalānubhūtyā |
  Prapancho vismṛtaprāyaḥ sa jīvanmukta iṣyate ॥ 428 ॥
śarīram ārācchavavannirastaṁ punarna saṁdhatta idaṁ mahātmā || 413 ||


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  He whose wisdom is steady, whose bliss is unending, and for whom the world appears almost forgotten, is considered a jīvanmukta, a liberated being.
The great soul, like a shadow of a person, does not reattach to the body, which, devoid of real essence, experiences results like a corpse cast away.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * yasya - whose
{| class="wikitable"
  * sthitā - steady
|-
  * bhavet - becomes
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * prajñā - wisdom, knowledge
|-
  * yasya - whose
| छायया (chāyayā) || like a shadow || छाया की तरह
  * ānandaḥ - bliss
|-
  * nirantaraḥ - unending, continuous
| इव (iva) || as || समान
  * prapañchaḥ - world, creation
|-
  * vismṛtaprāyaḥ - almost forgotten
| पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) || of the person || व्यक्ति का
  * saḥ - he
|-
  * jīvanmuktaḥ - liberated while living
| परिदृश्यमान (paridṛśyamāna) || visible || दिखाई देने वाला
  * iṣyate - is considered
|-
| मा (mā) || do not || नहीं
|-
| अभासरूपेण (abhāsarūpeṇa) || devoid of real essence || बिना वास्तव का
|-
| फलानुभूत्या (phalānubhūtyā) || with respect to experiencing results || परिणाम अनुभव के साथ
|-
| शरीरम् (śarīram) || the body || शरीर
|-
| आराच्छववत् (ārācchavavat) || like a distant corpse || दूर के शव के समान
|-
| निरस्तं (nirastaṁ) || rejected || त्यागा हुआ
|-
| पुनः (punaḥ) || again || फिर से
|-
| न (na) || not || नहीं
|-
| संधत्ते (saṁdhatte) || reattaches || पुनः जोड़ता
|-
| इदं (idaṁ) || this || यह
|-
| महात्मा (mahātmā) || the great soul || महात्मा
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This sloka describes the state of a jīvanmukta—one who is liberated even while living in the physical body. The defining characteristics are threefold: a steady wisdom, unending bliss, and an almost forgotten or irrelevant perception of the worldly phenomena. The steadiness of wisdom (sthita-prajñā) implies a deep and abiding understanding of the true nature of the self (ātman) as non-different from the ultimate reality (Brahman). Such an individual remains unaffected by the dualities and disturbances of the world.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| महात्मा || न संधत्ते || शरीरम् || The great soul does not reattach the body. || महात्मा शरीर को पुनः नहीं जोड़ता।
|-
| शरीरम् || निरस्तम् || आराच्छववत् || The body is rejected like a distant corpse. || शरीर को दूर के शव के समान त्यागा जाता है।
|}


  The constant bliss (ānanda) arises from residing in one's true nature, which is blissful by default, not contingent on external factors. This unending bliss contrasts with temporary and fluctuating happiness derived from sensory experiences.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[chāyā|chāyā (छाया)]]
* [[mahātmā|mahātmā (महात्मा)]]
* [[abhāsarūpa|abhāsarūpa (अभासरूप)]]


  When the world (prapañcha) is "almost forgotten" (vismṛtaprāya), it implies that the relative world loses its binding nature; it is recognized as a superimposition over the true self. The jīvanmukta perceives the world as a play of māyā, leading to a dispassionate engagement with life.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Detachment
* Non-Attachment
* Enlightenment


  In essence, a jīvanmukta lives in the world but is not of the world, exemplifying the ideal of spiritual liberation that Vedanta espouses. This state is the ultimate goal of Vedantic sadhana, highlighting the transcendence over both body and mind while being immersed in supreme consciousness and bliss.
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
In this sloka, the nature of detachment from the physical body is discussed. The '''mahātmā''' (great soul) is compared to a shadow, signifying the lack of real substance in the physical world. Just as shadows are mere reflections without essence, the physical body is like a '''śava''' (corpse) when devoid of true consciousness. The enlightened being, recognizing this, does not reattach or identify with the body once liberation is attained. This passage emphasizes the importance of recognizing the transient nature of the physical form and the permanence of the true self. '''Abhāsarūpa''' refers to the illusory nature of experiences, highlighting that true liberation lies in transcending these illusions.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 17:13, 1 February 2025

Sloka 413

Sloka (श्लोक)

छायेव पुंसः परिदृश्यमान्
माभासरूपेण फलानुभूत्या ।
शरीरमाराच्छववन्निरस्तं
पुनर्न संधत्त इदं महात्मा ॥ ४१३ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

छायया इव पुंसः परिदृश्यमान् मा अभासरूपेण फलानुभूत्या । शरीरं आराच्छववत् निरस्तं पुनः न संधत्ते इदं महात्मा ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

chāyeva puṁsaḥ paridṛśyamāna mābhāsarūpeṇa phalānubhūtyā | śarīram ārācchavavannirastaṁ punarna saṁdhatta idaṁ mahātmā || 413 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

The great soul, like a shadow of a person, does not reattach to the body, which, devoid of real essence, experiences results like a corpse cast away.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
छायया (chāyayā) like a shadow छाया की तरह
इव (iva) as समान
पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) of the person व्यक्ति का
परिदृश्यमान (paridṛśyamāna) visible दिखाई देने वाला
मा (mā) do not नहीं
अभासरूपेण (abhāsarūpeṇa) devoid of real essence बिना वास्तव का
फलानुभूत्या (phalānubhūtyā) with respect to experiencing results परिणाम अनुभव के साथ
शरीरम् (śarīram) the body शरीर
आराच्छववत् (ārācchavavat) like a distant corpse दूर के शव के समान
निरस्तं (nirastaṁ) rejected त्यागा हुआ
पुनः (punaḥ) again फिर से
न (na) not नहीं
संधत्ते (saṁdhatte) reattaches पुनः जोड़ता
इदं (idaṁ) this यह
महात्मा (mahātmā) the great soul महात्मा

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
महात्मा न संधत्ते शरीरम् The great soul does not reattach the body. महात्मा शरीर को पुनः नहीं जोड़ता।
शरीरम् निरस्तम् आराच्छववत् The body is rejected like a distant corpse. शरीर को दूर के शव के समान त्यागा जाता है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Detachment
  • Non-Attachment
  • Enlightenment

Commentary (टीका)

In this sloka, the nature of detachment from the physical body is discussed. The mahātmā (great soul) is compared to a shadow, signifying the lack of real substance in the physical world. Just as shadows are mere reflections without essence, the physical body is like a śava (corpse) when devoid of true consciousness. The enlightened being, recognizing this, does not reattach or identify with the body once liberation is attained. This passage emphasizes the importance of recognizing the transient nature of the physical form and the permanence of the true self. Abhāsarūpa refers to the illusory nature of experiences, highlighting that true liberation lies in transcending these illusions.

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