Sloka 78: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 78 ==
== Sloka 78 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
विषयाशामहापाशाद्यो विमुक्तः सुदुस्त्यजात् ।  
विषयाशामहापाशाद्यो विमुक्तः सुदुस्त्यजात् ।
स एव कल्पते मुक्त्यै नान्यः षट्शास्त्रवेद्यपि ॥ ७८ ॥  
स एव कल्पते मुक्त्यै नान्यः षट्शास्त्रवेद्यपि ॥ ७८ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


- **Transliteration:**
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
  viṣayāśāmahāpāśādyō vimuktaḥ sudustyajāt। 
विषय-आशा-महा-पाशात्<br>
  sa eva kalpatē muktyai nānyaḥ ṣaṭśāstravēdyapi॥ 78॥
यः विमुक्तः<br>
स: सुदुस्त्यजात्<br>
स: एव कल्पते<br>
मुक्त्यै<br>
न अन्यः<br>
षट्शास्त्र-वेद्यः अपि
 
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
viṣayāśā-mahā-pāśād yo vimuktaḥ sudustyajāt |<br>
sa eva kalpate muktyai nānyaḥ ṣaṭ-śāstra-vedyaḥ api || 78 ||


- **Translation:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  The one who is free from the great snare of desires for sense objects, which is extremely difficult to renounce, alone is deemed fit for liberation, not another who may even be well-versed in the six systems of philosophy.
Only the one who is freed from the formidable bonds of desires is deemed eligible for liberation, not others, even if they are learned in the six scriptures.


- **Word Meanings:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  * viṣaya - objects of sense
{| class="wikitable"
  * āśā - desire
|-
  * mahāpāśāt - from the great snare
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
  * yaḥ - who
|-
  * vimuktaḥ - is liberated
| विषय-आशा-महा-पाशात् (viṣayāśā-mahā-pāśāt) || from the great bond of desires || इच्छाओं के महाबंधन से
  * sudustyajāt - extremely difficult to renounce
|-
  * saḥ - he
| यः (yaḥ) || who || जो
  * eva - indeed
|-
  * kalpate - is deemed fit
| विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) || freed || मुक्त
  * muktyai - for liberation
|-
  * na - not
| सः (saḥ) || he || वह
  * anyaḥ - another
|-
  * ṣaṭ - six
| सुदुस्त्यजात् (sudustyajāt) || difficult to give up || त्यागने में कठिन
  * śāstra - scriptures or systems of philosophy
|-
  * veda - knowing or being learned
| सः एव (saḥ eva) || he only || वह ही
  * api - even
|-
| कल्पते (kalpate) || is eligible || योग्य होता है
|-
| मुक्त्यै (muktyai) || for liberation || मुक्ति के लिए
|-
| न अन्यः (na anyaḥ) || not others || अन्य नहीं
|-
| षट्शास्त्र-वेद्यः अपि (ṣaṭ-śāstra-vedyaḥ api) || even if learned in the six scriptures || भले ही छह शास्त्रों के ज्ञाता हो
|}


- **Commentary:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  This verse emphasizes the significance of detachment from desires as a crucial step towards achieving liberation (moksha). In Vedantic philosophy, while the knowledge of scriptures is valuable, it is not sufficient on its own for true liberation. The real obstacle resides in the deep-seated attachment to worldly pleasures and desires, symbolized here by "viṣayāśāmahāpāśāt," the great snare of desires for sensory experiences. The verse suggests that only those who have successfully freed themselves from this binding force, which is notoriously difficult to relinquish ("sudustyajāt"), qualify for spiritual liberation.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| यः विमुक्तः || कल्पते || मुक्त्यै || He who is freed becomes eligible for liberation. || जो मुक्त है वह मुक्ति के लिए योग्य होता है।
|-
| अन्यः (Implied: न अन्यः) || न कल्पते || मुक्त्यै || Others do not become eligible for liberation. || अन्यजन मुक्ति के लिए योग्य नहीं होते।
|}


  The mention of the "six systems of philosophy" refers to the recognized schools of Hindu philosophical thought, often known as Shad-Darshanas: Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa, and Vedanta. The verse states that mere acquaintance with these intellectual systems is not enough if one remains ensnared by desires. The emphasis is on practical renunciation and experiential wisdom over theoretical knowledge.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[viṣayāśā|viṣayāśā (विषयाशा)]]
* [[mokṣa|mokṣa (मुक्ति)]]
* [[ṣaṭ-śāstra-vedya|ṣaṭ-śāstra-vedya (षट्शास्त्रवेद्य)]]


  This teaching aligns with many spiritual traditions that highlight the importance of internal transformation, detachment from temporal enticements, and the cultivation of an equanimous mind. It calls for sincere introspection and effort to transcend material allurements, advocating for the inner liberation which forms the real gateway to moksha.
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Desire
* Liberation
* Knowledge
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse underscores the significance of overcoming desires as a prerequisite for attaining liberation, or *mokṣa*. It suggests that mere scholarly knowledge of scriptures (the six scriptures being the traditional means of knowledge in various schools of Indian thought) is not sufficient for spiritual liberation. The imagery of a "great bond of desires" as *mahā-pāśa* conveys the intensity and tenacity of worldly attachments. Only those who have successfully relinquished such desires can hope to achieve true freedom, underscoring the need for practical renunciation alongside theoretical knowledge.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 16:02, 7 January 2025

Sloka 78

Sloka (श्लोक)

विषयाशामहापाशाद्यो विमुक्तः सुदुस्त्यजात् ।
स एव कल्पते मुक्त्यै नान्यः षट्शास्त्रवेद्यपि ॥ ७८ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

विषय-आशा-महा-पाशात्
यः विमुक्तः
स: सुदुस्त्यजात्
स: एव कल्पते
मुक्त्यै
न अन्यः
षट्शास्त्र-वेद्यः अपि

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

viṣayāśā-mahā-pāśād yo vimuktaḥ sudustyajāt |
sa eva kalpate muktyai nānyaḥ ṣaṭ-śāstra-vedyaḥ api || 78 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

Only the one who is freed from the formidable bonds of desires is deemed eligible for liberation, not others, even if they are learned in the six scriptures.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
विषय-आशा-महा-पाशात् (viṣayāśā-mahā-pāśāt) from the great bond of desires इच्छाओं के महाबंधन से
यः (yaḥ) who जो
विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) freed मुक्त
सः (saḥ) he वह
सुदुस्त्यजात् (sudustyajāt) difficult to give up त्यागने में कठिन
सः एव (saḥ eva) he only वह ही
कल्पते (kalpate) is eligible योग्य होता है
मुक्त्यै (muktyai) for liberation मुक्ति के लिए
न अन्यः (na anyaḥ) not others अन्य नहीं
षट्शास्त्र-वेद्यः अपि (ṣaṭ-śāstra-vedyaḥ api) even if learned in the six scriptures भले ही छह शास्त्रों के ज्ञाता हो

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
यः विमुक्तः कल्पते मुक्त्यै He who is freed becomes eligible for liberation. जो मुक्त है वह मुक्ति के लिए योग्य होता है।
अन्यः (Implied: न अन्यः) न कल्पते मुक्त्यै Others do not become eligible for liberation. अन्यजन मुक्ति के लिए योग्य नहीं होते।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Desire
  • Liberation
  • Knowledge

Commentary (टीका)

This verse underscores the significance of overcoming desires as a prerequisite for attaining liberation, or *mokṣa*. It suggests that mere scholarly knowledge of scriptures (the six scriptures being the traditional means of knowledge in various schools of Indian thought) is not sufficient for spiritual liberation. The imagery of a "great bond of desires" as *mahā-pāśa* conveys the intensity and tenacity of worldly attachments. Only those who have successfully relinquished such desires can hope to achieve true freedom, underscoring the need for practical renunciation alongside theoretical knowledge.

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