Sloka 20: Difference between revisions

From IKS BHU
Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
imported>Vij
Added sloka content
 
imported>Vij
Added heading 'Topics' to differentiate from Category, Added 'Definition' Category
 
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:


== Sloka 20 ==
== Sloka 20 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
 
<pre>
<pre>
ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्येत्येवंरूपो विनिश्चयः ।  
ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्येत्येवंरूपो विनिश्चयः ।
सोऽयं नित्यानित्यवस्तुविवेकः समुदाहृतः ॥ २0 ॥  
सोऽयं नित्यानित्यवस्तुविवेकः समुदाहृतः ॥ २० ॥
</pre>
</pre>


Certainly! Here is a detailed analysis of the provided sloka:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
ब्रह्म<br>
सत्यं<br>
जगन्मिथ्या<br>
एवंरूपः<br>
विनिश्चयः<br>
सः<br>
अयम्<br>
नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः<br>
समुदाहृतः<br>
 
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
brahma satyaṁ jaganmithyā-ityevaṁrūpo viniścayaḥ |<br>
so'yaṁ nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ || 20 ||


- **Transliteration:**
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  ```
The discernment between the eternal and the transient is expressed as the knowledge that Brahman is true and the world is illusory.
  brahma satyaṁ jaganmithyety evaṁrūpo viniścayaḥ ।
  so'yaṁ nityānityavastuvivekaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ ॥ 20 ॥
  ```


- **Translation:**
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  ```
{| class="wikitable"
  The conviction that "Brahman is the truth and the world is an illusion" is expressed as the discernment between the eternal and the non-eternal.
|-
  ```
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| ब्रह्म (brahma) || Brahman || ब्रह्म
|-
| सत्यं (satyaṁ) || true || सत्य
|-
| जगन् (jagan) || the world || जगत्
|-
| मिथ्या (mithyā) || illusory || मिथ्या
|-
| एवंरूपः (evaṁrūpoḥ) || in this form || इस प्रकार
|-
| विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) || determination/conviction || निश्चय
|-
| सः (saḥ) || that || वह
|-
| अयम् (ayam) || this || यह
|-
| नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ) || discernment of the eternal and transient || नित्य और अनित्य वस्तुओं का विवेक
|-
| समुदाहृतः (samudāhṛtaḥ) || is declared || कहा जाता है
|}


- **Word Meanings:**
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
  * **brahma** - Brahman, the ultimate reality
{| class="wikitable"
  * **satyaṁ** - truth, the real
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
  * **jagan** - the world
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
  * **mithya** - illusionary, not ultimately real
|-
  * **iti** - thus
| विवेकः (discernment) || समुदाहृतः (is declared) || नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (as the discernment of the eternal and transient) || Discernment is declared as the distinction between eternal and non-eternal. || विवेक को नित्य और अनित्य के भेद के रूप में कहा जाता है।
  * **evaṁrūpo** - of this nature
|-
  * **viniścayaḥ** - firm conviction, determination
| विनिश्चयः (conviction) || सः (is) || ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्या (Brahman is true, the world is illusory) || Conviction is that Brahman is true, the world is illusory. || निश्चय यह है कि ब्रह्म सत्य है, जगत् मिथ्या है।
  * **saḥ** - that
|}
  * **ayam** - this
  * **nityānitya** - eternal and non-eternal
  * **vastu** - reality, substance
  * **vivekaḥ** - discrimination, discernment
  * **samudāhṛtaḥ** - is declared, is stated


- **Commentary:**
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
  This sloka captures the essential teaching of Advaita Vedanta, emphasizing the discrimination (viveka) necessary to distinguish between the eternal (Brahman) and the non-eternal (jagat or the world). According to the philosophy, Brahman is the singular, unchanging reality that is both immanent and transcendent, while the world of myriad forms and appearances is considered mithya, or illusory. This does not mean that the world is non-existent, but rather that it does not have ultimate reality; it changes, and hence, does not have the same degree of truth as Brahman.
* [[brahman|brahman (ब्रह्म)]]
* [[satya|satya (सत्य)]]
* [[mithyā|mithyā (मिथ्या)]]
* [[nitya-anitya-viveka|nitya-anitya-viveka (नित्य-अनित्य-विवेक)]]


  Understanding and firmly establishing this conviction is called "nityānityavastu viveka" — the discernment between what is unchanging and eternal, and what is transient and impermanent. This discernment is a critical component in traditional spiritual paths, aiming to enable the aspirant to focus their attention and energies on realizing the ultimate truth, Brahman, while understanding the transient nature of worldly experiences.
=== Topics ===
* Discrimination


  The realization of this principle helps one cultivate detachment (vairagya) and fosters spiritual growth by redirecting one’s life towards the pursuit of the eternal truth. It serves as a foundation for deeper contemplation and is a guidepost for those pursuing the path of self-knowledge and liberation (moksha).
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Vedantic Philosophy
* Popular Sloka
* Definition
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This sloka encapsulates a foundational concept in Vedantic philosophy: the distinction between the eternal and transient. *Brahman*, the ultimate reality, is described as true, whereas the objective world is considered *mithyā*, or illusory. This understanding is critical for aspirants on the spiritual path as it helps develop *viveka*, or discrimination, allowing them to focus on the pursuit of the eternal rather than the transient. The verse emphasizes the importance of recognizing the *satyam* of *brahman* in contrast to the ephemeral nature of worldly experiences, providing clarity and direction in one's spiritual journey.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 12:37, 14 February 2025

Sloka 20

Sloka (श्लोक)

ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्येत्येवंरूपो विनिश्चयः ।
सोऽयं नित्यानित्यवस्तुविवेकः समुदाहृतः ॥ २० ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

ब्रह्म
सत्यं
जगन्मिथ्या
एवंरूपः
विनिश्चयः
सः
अयम्
नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः
समुदाहृतः

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

brahma satyaṁ jaganmithyā-ityevaṁrūpo viniścayaḥ |
so'yaṁ nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ || 20 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

The discernment between the eternal and the transient is expressed as the knowledge that Brahman is true and the world is illusory.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
ब्रह्म (brahma) Brahman ब्रह्म
सत्यं (satyaṁ) true सत्य
जगन् (jagan) the world जगत्
मिथ्या (mithyā) illusory मिथ्या
एवंरूपः (evaṁrūpoḥ) in this form इस प्रकार
विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) determination/conviction निश्चय
सः (saḥ) that वह
अयम् (ayam) this यह
नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ) discernment of the eternal and transient नित्य और अनित्य वस्तुओं का विवेक
समुदाहृतः (samudāhṛtaḥ) is declared कहा जाता है

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
विवेकः (discernment) समुदाहृतः (is declared) नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (as the discernment of the eternal and transient) Discernment is declared as the distinction between eternal and non-eternal. विवेक को नित्य और अनित्य के भेद के रूप में कहा जाता है।
विनिश्चयः (conviction) सः (is) ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्या (Brahman is true, the world is illusory) Conviction is that Brahman is true, the world is illusory. निश्चय यह है कि ब्रह्म सत्य है, जगत् मिथ्या है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Topics

  • Discrimination

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Vedantic Philosophy
  • Popular Sloka
  • Definition

Commentary (टीका)

This sloka encapsulates a foundational concept in Vedantic philosophy: the distinction between the eternal and transient. *Brahman*, the ultimate reality, is described as true, whereas the objective world is considered *mithyā*, or illusory. This understanding is critical for aspirants on the spiritual path as it helps develop *viveka*, or discrimination, allowing them to focus on the pursuit of the eternal rather than the transient. The verse emphasizes the importance of recognizing the *satyam* of *brahman* in contrast to the ephemeral nature of worldly experiences, providing clarity and direction in one's spiritual journey.

Retrieved from "https://iks.bhu.edu.in/index.php?title=Sloka_20&oldid=1033"