Sloka 20
Sloka 20
Sloka (श्लोक)
ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्येत्येवंरूपो विनिश्चयः । सोऽयं नित्यानित्यवस्तुविवेकः समुदाहृतः ॥ २० ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
ब्रह्म
सत्यं
जगन्मिथ्या
एवंरूपः
विनिश्चयः
सः
अयम्
नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः
समुदाहृतः
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
brahma satyaṁ jaganmithyā-ityevaṁrūpo viniścayaḥ |
so'yaṁ nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ || 20 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
The discernment between the eternal and the transient is expressed as the knowledge that Brahman is true and the world is illusory.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| ब्रह्म (brahma) | Brahman | ब्रह्म |
| सत्यं (satyaṁ) | true | सत्य |
| जगन् (jagan) | the world | जगत् |
| मिथ्या (mithyā) | illusory | मिथ्या |
| एवंरूपः (evaṁrūpoḥ) | in this form | इस प्रकार |
| विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) | determination/conviction | निश्चय |
| सः (saḥ) | that | वह |
| अयम् (ayam) | this | यह |
| नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (nitya-anitya-vastu-vivekaḥ) | discernment of the eternal and transient | नित्य और अनित्य वस्तुओं का विवेक |
| समुदाहृतः (samudāhṛtaḥ) | is declared | कहा जाता है |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| विवेकः (discernment) | समुदाहृतः (is declared) | नित्य-अनित्य-वस्तु-विवेकः (as the discernment of the eternal and transient) | Discernment is declared as the distinction between eternal and non-eternal. | विवेक को नित्य और अनित्य के भेद के रूप में कहा जाता है। |
| विनिश्चयः (conviction) | सः (is) | ब्रह्म सत्यं जगन्मिथ्या (Brahman is true, the world is illusory) | Conviction is that Brahman is true, the world is illusory. | निश्चय यह है कि ब्रह्म सत्य है, जगत् मिथ्या है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Topics
- Discrimination
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Vedantic Philosophy
- Popular Sloka
- Definition
Commentary (टीका)
This sloka encapsulates a foundational concept in Vedantic philosophy: the distinction between the eternal and transient. *Brahman*, the ultimate reality, is described as true, whereas the objective world is considered *mithyā*, or illusory. This understanding is critical for aspirants on the spiritual path as it helps develop *viveka*, or discrimination, allowing them to focus on the pursuit of the eternal rather than the transient. The verse emphasizes the importance of recognizing the *satyam* of *brahman* in contrast to the ephemeral nature of worldly experiences, providing clarity and direction in one's spiritual journey.