Sloka 102: Difference between revisions

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== Sloka 102 ==
== Sloka 102 ==
'''Original Text:'''
 
 
=== Sloka (श्लोक) ===
<pre>
<pre>
अहंकारः स विज्ञेयः कर्ता भोक्ताभिमान्ययम् ।  
उच्छ्वासनिःश्वासविजृम्भणक्षुत्
सत्त्वादिगुणयोगेन चावस्थात्रयमश्नुते ॥ १0४ ॥  
प्रस्यन्दनाद्युत्क्रमणादिकाः क्रियाः ।
प्राणादिकर्माणि वदन्ति तज्ञाः
प्राणस्य धर्मावशनापिपासे ॥ १०२ ॥
</pre>
</pre>


- Transliteration:
=== पदच्छेद / Padaccheda ===
  ahaṁkāraḥ sa vijñeyaḥ kartā bhoktābhimānyayam | sattvādigunayogena cāvasthātrayam aśnute || 104 ||
उच्छ्वास-निःश्वास-विजृम्भण-क्षुत्<br />
प्रस्यन्दन-आदि-उत्क्रमण-आदिकाः क्रियाः<br />
प्राण-आदि-कर्माणि वदन्ति त-ज्ञाः<br />
प्राणस्य धर्म-आवशन-अपिपासे ॥


- Translation:
=== Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण) ===
  The ego (ahaṁkāra) is to be understood as the doer and the experiencer, identified with actions. Through the association with the qualities of sattva, rajas, and tamas, it experiences the three states of consciousness.
ucchvāsa-niḥśvāsa-vijṛmbhaṇa-kṣut<br />
prasyandana-ādi-utkramaṇa-ādikāḥ kriyāḥ<br />
prāṇa-ādi-karmāṇi vadanti ta-jñāḥ<br />
prāṇasya dharma-avaśana-apipāse || 102 ||


- Word Meanings:
=== Translation (अनुवाद) ===
  * अहंकारः (ahaṁkāraḥ) - ego, sense of individuality
Experts say that breathing out, breathing in, yawning, sneezing, secretion, and other activities are functions of prāṇa, along with eating and drinking.
  * सः (saḥ) - he, that
  * विज्ञेयः (vijñeyaḥ) - to be understood, to be known
  * कर्ता (kartā) - doer, performer
  * भोक्ता (bhoktā) - experiencer, enjoyer
  * अभिमानी (abhimānī) - identified with, perceived as
  * अयम् (ayam) - this, he
  * सत्त्व (sattva) - purity, goodness
  * आदि (ādi) - and others, beginning with
  * गुण (guṇa) - qualities, attributes
  * योगेन (yogena) - through association, by connection
  * च (ca) - and, also
  * अवस्थात्रयम् (avasthātrayam) - the three states (of consciousness)
  * अश्नुते (aśnute) - experiences, attains


- Commentary:
=== Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ) ===
  This sloka addresses the concept of ahaṁkāra, the 'I' notion or ego, which is a pivotal aspect within Vedantic philosophy. In this context, the ego is recognized as both the initiator of actions (kartā) and the recipient or enjoyer of experiences (bhoktā). It is this sense of individuality that navigates through life, constantly identifying with actions due to the embodied attributes of sattva (purity), rajas (activity), and tamas (inertia).
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sanskrit (संस्कृत) !! English Meaning (अर्थ) !! Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
|-
| उच्छ्वास (ucchvāsa) || breathing out || श्वास छोड़ना
|-
| निःश्वास (niḥśvāsa) || breathing in || श्वास लेना
|-
| विजृम्भण (vijṛmbhaṇa) || yawning || जम्हाई लेना
|-
| क्षुत् (kṣut) || sneezing || छींकना
|-
| प्रस्यन्दन (prasyandana) || secretion || स्त्रवण
|-
| आदि (ādi) || etc. || आदि
|-
| उत्क्रमण (utkramaṇa) || removal || निकालना
|-
| आदिकाः (ādikāḥ) || and other || और अन्य
|-
| क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) || activities || क्रियाएँ
|-
| प्राण (prāṇa) || vital breath || प्राण
|-
| कर्माणि (karmāṇi) || functions || कार्य
|-
| वदन्ति (vadanti) || say || कहते हैं
|-
| तज्ञाः (ta-jñāḥ) || the experts (wise) || ज्ञानी लोग
|-
| प्राणस्य (prāṇasya) || of prāṇa || प्राण के
|-
| धर्म (dharma) || duties/nature || कर्तव्य / स्वभाव
|-
| आवशन (avaśana) || eating || भोजन
|-
| अपिपासे (apipāse) || drinking || पीना
|}


  According to Vedanta, these gunas influence the mind and consciousness, leading the ego to experience three distinct states: waking (jāgrat), dreaming (svapna), and deep sleep (suṣupti). The attachment and identification with these states result in a cycle of actions and reactions, shaping the individual's perceptions and experiences.
=== कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
! कर्ता (Subject) !! क्रिया (Verb) !! विधान (Object) !! अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation !! हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
|-
| तज्ञाः || वदन्ति || प्राणादि-कर्माणि || The experts say the functions of prāṇa. || ज्ञानी लोग प्राण के कार्य बताते हैं।
|-
| प्राण || धर्म || उच्छ्वासनिःश्वासादिकाः || Prāṇa's nature is breathing out, breathing in, etc. || प्राण का स्वभाव श्वास छोड़ना, लेना आदि हैं।
|}


  Insights into the fluid nature of ahaṁkāra reveal its dependency on maya, the illusion covering the true Self or Atman. Recognizing the ego's binding nature offers a pathway to transcendence, urging one to cultivate discernment (viveka) and detachment (vairagya), ultimately seeking liberation (moksha) from the limitations imposed by these transient states.
=== Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ) ===
* [[prāṇa|prāṇa (प्राण)]]
* [[dharma|dharma (धर्म)]]
* [[āvashana|āvashana (आवशन)]]
* [[apipāsa|apipāsa (अपिपासे)]]
 
=== Categories (वर्गीकरण) ===
* Vital Breath
* Functions of Prāṇa
* Yogic Physiology
 
=== Commentary (टीका) ===
This verse details the various physiological functions associated with ''prāṇa'', the vital life force. Activities such as breathing, yawning, and sneezing, along with fundamental needs like eating and drinking, are expressions of ''prāṇa''. Understanding these functions highlights the essential role of ''prāṇa'' in maintaining life processes, as respected experts assert. Through this, we see the integration of subtle energies into the tangible aspects of existence, emphasizing the importance of balance and awareness in maintaining health.


'''
'''
Further Readings:'''
* [[Vedanta]]
* [[Vivekachudamani]]

Latest revision as of 16:09, 7 January 2025

Sloka 102

Sloka (श्लोक)

उच्छ्वासनिःश्वासविजृम्भणक्षुत्
प्रस्यन्दनाद्युत्क्रमणादिकाः क्रियाः ।
प्राणादिकर्माणि वदन्ति तज्ञाः
प्राणस्य धर्मावशनापिपासे ॥ १०२ ॥

पदच्छेद / Padaccheda

उच्छ्वास-निःश्वास-विजृम्भण-क्षुत्
प्रस्यन्दन-आदि-उत्क्रमण-आदिकाः क्रियाः
प्राण-आदि-कर्माणि वदन्ति त-ज्ञाः
प्राणस्य धर्म-आवशन-अपिपासे ॥

Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

ucchvāsa-niḥśvāsa-vijṛmbhaṇa-kṣut
prasyandana-ādi-utkramaṇa-ādikāḥ kriyāḥ
prāṇa-ādi-karmāṇi vadanti ta-jñāḥ
prāṇasya dharma-avaśana-apipāse || 102 ||

Translation (अनुवाद)

Experts say that breathing out, breathing in, yawning, sneezing, secretion, and other activities are functions of prāṇa, along with eating and drinking.

Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

Sanskrit (संस्कृत) English Meaning (अर्थ) Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ)
उच्छ्वास (ucchvāsa) breathing out श्वास छोड़ना
निःश्वास (niḥśvāsa) breathing in श्वास लेना
विजृम्भण (vijṛmbhaṇa) yawning जम्हाई लेना
क्षुत् (kṣut) sneezing छींकना
प्रस्यन्दन (prasyandana) secretion स्त्रवण
आदि (ādi) etc. आदि
उत्क्रमण (utkramaṇa) removal निकालना
आदिकाः (ādikāḥ) and other और अन्य
क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) activities क्रियाएँ
प्राण (prāṇa) vital breath प्राण
कर्माणि (karmāṇi) functions कार्य
वदन्ति (vadanti) say कहते हैं
तज्ञाः (ta-jñāḥ) the experts (wise) ज्ञानी लोग
प्राणस्य (prāṇasya) of prāṇa प्राण के
धर्म (dharma) duties/nature कर्तव्य / स्वभाव
आवशन (avaśana) eating भोजन
अपिपासे (apipāse) drinking पीना

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
कर्ता (Subject) क्रिया (Verb) विधान (Object) अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation
तज्ञाः वदन्ति प्राणादि-कर्माणि The experts say the functions of prāṇa. ज्ञानी लोग प्राण के कार्य बताते हैं।
प्राण धर्म उच्छ्वासनिःश्वासादिकाः Prāṇa's nature is breathing out, breathing in, etc. प्राण का स्वभाव श्वास छोड़ना, लेना आदि हैं।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Vital Breath
  • Functions of Prāṇa
  • Yogic Physiology

Commentary (टीका)

This verse details the various physiological functions associated with prāṇa, the vital life force. Activities such as breathing, yawning, and sneezing, along with fundamental needs like eating and drinking, are expressions of prāṇa. Understanding these functions highlights the essential role of prāṇa in maintaining life processes, as respected experts assert. Through this, we see the integration of subtle energies into the tangible aspects of existence, emphasizing the importance of balance and awareness in maintaining health.

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