Sloka 69
Sloka 69
Sloka (श्लोक)
मोक्षस्य हेतुः प्रथमो निगद्यते वैराग्यमत्यन्तमनित्यवस्तुषु । ततः शमश्चापि दमस्तितिक्षा न्यासः प्रसक्ताखिलकर्मणां भृशम् ॥ ६९ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
मोक्षस्य हेतुः प्रथमः निगद्यते
वैराग्यम् अत्यन्तम् अनित्यवस्तुषु ।
ततः शमः च अपि दमः तितिक्षा
न्यासः प्रसक्त अखिल-कर्मणां भृशम् ॥
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
mokṣasya hetuḥ prathamo nigadyate
vairāgyam atyantam anityavastuṣu |
tataḥ śamaś cāpi damaḥ titikṣā
nyāsaḥ prasakta-akhila-karmaṇāṁ bhṛśam || 69 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
The primary cause of liberation is said to be intense dispassion towards impermanent things, along with tranquility, self-control, endurance, and the renunciation of all attached actions.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| मोक्षस्य (mokṣasya) | of liberation | मोक्ष का |
| हेतुः (hetuḥ) | cause | कारण |
| प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) | first | पहला |
| निगद्यते (nigadyate) | is said | कहा जाता है |
| वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) | dispassion | वैराग्य |
| अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) | intense | अत्यधिक |
| अनित्यवस्तुषु (anityavastuṣu) | towards impermanent things | अनित्य वस्तुओं में |
| ततः (tataḥ) | thereafter | तत्पश्चात |
| शमः (śamaḥ) | tranquility | शांति |
| च (ca) | and | और |
| अपि (api) | also | भी |
| दमः (damaḥ) | self-control | आत्मसंयम |
| तितिक्षा (titikṣā) | endurance | सहनशीलता |
| न्यासः (nyāsaḥ) | renunciation | त्याग |
| प्रसक्त (prasakta) | attached | संलग्न |
| अखिलकर्मणां (akhila-karmaṇāṁ) | of all actions | सभी कर्मों का |
| भृशम् (bhṛśam) | intensely | बहुत |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| वैराग्यम् | निगद्यते | मोक्षस्य प्रथमो हेतुः | Dispassion is said to be the first cause of liberation. | वैराग्य को मोक्ष का प्रथम कारण कहा जाता है। |
| न्यासः | भृशम् | प्रसक्त अखिलकर्मणां | Renunciation is intensely of all attached actions. | त्याग अत्यधिक संलग्न सभी कर्मों का होता है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Liberation
- Dispassion
- Renunciation
- Self-control
Commentary (टीका)
This verse emphasizes the foundational qualities necessary for achieving *mokṣa* or liberation. The primary requisite is intense *vairāgya*, or dispassion, towards the impermanent or transient worldly objects, which prevents attachment. Following this are essential disciplines: *śama* (tranquility) represents mental peace and the ability to stay calm amidst chaos; *dama* (self-control) pertains to restraining the senses; *titikṣā* (endurance) refers to the ability to withstand hardships without complaint. Finally, *nyāsa* (renunciation) denotes the complete abandonment of all actions that bind the soul. Together, these qualities cultivate an individual's readiness for liberation from the cycle of birth and death. The sloka underscores the deep philosophical insight that true liberation can only be attained by unwavering commitment to these virtues.