Sloka 441
Sloka 441
Sloka (श्लोक)
यत्र प्रविष्टा विषयाः परेरिता नदीप्रवाहा इव वारिराशौ । लिनन्ति सन्मात्रतया न विक्रियां उत्पादयन्त्येष यतिर्विमुक्तः ॥ ४४१ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
यत्र प्रविष्टा विषयाः परैरिता नदी-प्रवाहा इव वारि-राशौ लिनन्ति सत्-मात्रतया न विक्रियां उत्पादयन्ति एषः यतिः विमुक्तः
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
yatra praviṣṭā viṣayāḥ pareiritā nadī-pravāhā iva vāri-rāśau | linanti san-mātratayā na vikriyāṁ utpādayantyeṣa yatirvimuktaḥ || 441 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
In which (state) the sense objects, like rivers into the ocean, enter and merge without causing any disturbance, in that state exists this liberated ascetic.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| यत्र (yatra) | where (in which state) | जिस (अवस्था में) |
| प्रविष्टा (praviṣṭā) | entered | प्रवेश करते हैं |
| विषयाः (viṣayāḥ) | sense objects | विषय |
| परेरिता (pareritā) | driven by others | दूसरों के द्वारा प्रेरित |
| नदी-प्रवाहा (nadī-pravāhā) | river currents | नदी की धाराएँ |
| इव (iva) | like | की तरह |
| वारि-राशौ (vāri-rāśau) | into the ocean | महासागर में |
| लिनन्ति (linanti) | dissolve | विलीन हो जाते हैं |
| सत्-मात्रतया (sat-mātratayā) | in pure existence | शुद्ध अस्तित्व में |
| न (na) | not | नहीं |
| विक्रियां (vikriyāṁ) | disturbance | विकार |
| उत्पादयन्ति (utpādayanti) | produce | उत्पन्न करते |
| एष: (eṣaḥ) | this | यह |
| यतिः (yatiḥ) | ascetic | संयमी |
| विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) | liberated | मुक्त |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| विषयाः | लिनन्ति | सत्-मात्रतया | Sense objects dissolve in pure existence. | विषय शुद्ध अस्तित्व में विलीन हो जाते हैं। |
| विषयाः | न उत्पादयन्ति | विक्रियां | Sense objects do not produce disturbance. | विषय विकार उत्पन्न नहीं करते। |
| एष: यतिः | अस्ति | विमुक्तः | This ascetic is liberated. | यह संयमी मुक्त है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Meditation
- Liberation
- Non-attachment
Commentary (टीका)
This verse metaphorically compares the state of a vimukta (liberated one) to that of an ocean into which rivers merge without affecting its tranquility. The viṣayāḥ (sense objects), likened to river currents, enter the peaceful mind of the yati, who is established in sat-mātratayā (pure existence). Despite stimuli or inputs from the external world, the yati does not experience disturbance or vikriyāṁ. This reflects the ultimate goal of yoga and vedānta, which is to achieve a state where external circumstances do not disturb inner peace, indicative of a truly liberated soul. The yati embodies the balance and equanimity that is central to Vedantic philosophy.