Sloka 396
Sloka 396
Sloka (श्लोक)
शवाकारं यावद्भजति मनुजस्तावदशुचिः परेभ्यः स्यात्क्लेशो जननमरणव्याधिनिलयः । यदात्मानं शुद्धं कलयति शिवाकारमचलम् तदा तेभ्यो मुक्तो भवति हि तदाह श्रुतिरपि ॥ ३९६ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
शव-आकारं यावत् भजति मनुजः तावत् अशुचिः परेभ्यः स्यात् क्लेशः जनन-मरण-व्याधि-निलयः । यत् आत्मानं शुद्धं कलयति शिव-आकरं अचलं तदा तेभ्यः मुक्तः भवति हि तत् आह श्रुतिः अपि ॥
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
śava-ākāraṁ yāvad bhajati manujaḥ tāvad aśuciḥ parebhyaḥ syāt kleśo janana-maraṇa-vyādhi-nilayaḥ | yad ātmānaṁ śuddhaṁ kalayati śivākāram acalam tadā tebhyaḥ mukto bhavati hi tad āha śrutir api || 396 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
As long as a person identifies with the form of a corpse, he remains impure, afflicted by the pains of birth, death, and disease. When he perceives his own self as pure, stable, and embodying Shiva, he attains liberation from those afflictions, as the scriptures also affirm.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| शव-आकारं (śava-ākāram) | form of a corpse | शव का आकार |
| यावत् (yāvat) | as long as | जबतक |
| भजति (bhajati) | embraces | अपनाता है |
| मनुजः (manujaḥ) | man | मनुष्य |
| तावत् (tāvat) | till then | तबतक |
| अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) | impure | अशुद्ध |
| परेभ्यः (parebhyaḥ) | from others | दूसरों से |
| स्यात् (syāt) | arises | उत्पन्न होता है |
| क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) | suffering | कष्ट |
| जनन-मरण-व्याधि-निलयः (janana-maraṇa-vyādhi-nilayaḥ) | abode of birth, death, and disease | जन्म, मृत्यु और रोग का निवास |
| यत् (yat) | when | जब |
| आत्मानं (ātmānam) | self | आत्मा को |
| शुद्धं (śuddham) | pure | शुद्ध |
| कलयति (kalayati) | perceives | मानता है |
| शिव-आकरं (śivākāram) | form of Shiva | शिव का रूप |
| अचलं (acalam) | stable | स्थिर |
| तदा (tadā) | then | तब |
| तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) | from them | उनसे |
| मुक्तः (muktaḥ) | liberated | मुक्त |
| भवति (bhavati) | becomes | होता है |
| हि (hi) | indeed | वास्तव में |
| तत् (tat) | that | वह |
| आह (āha) | says | कहती है |
| श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) | scripture | शास्त्र |
| अपि (api) | also | भी |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| मनुजः | भजति | शव-आकारं | The man embraces the form of a corpse. | मनुष्य शव के आकार को अपनाता है। |
| मनुजः | अशुचिः | स्यात् | The man remains impure. | मनुष्य अशुद्ध बना रहता है। |
| आत्मा | कलयति | शुद्धं शिव-आकरं | The self perceives the pure form of Shiva. | आत्मा शुद्ध शिव का रूप मानता है। |
| मनुजः | मुक्तः | भवति | The man becomes liberated. | मनुष्य मुक्त हो जाता है। |
| श्रुतिः | आह | तद् | The scripture says that. | शास्त्र कहती है कि। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Liberation
- Self-Realization
- Impurity and Purity
- Cycle of Birth and Death
Commentary (टीका)
This verse expounds the transition from identification with the body to realization of the self as pure and divine. It highlights that as long as one identifies with the physical form, likened to a corpse, one remains mired in impurity and subject to the sufferings of birth, death, and disease. However, when the understanding shifts towards perceiving the self as śuddha (pure) and śivākāra (form of Shiva), stable and untainted, liberation – mukti – is achieved. This notion is not mere superstition, as the śruti or scriptures themselves affirm this transformation. The philosophical underpinning here is the distinction between the perishable, ever-changing body and the imperishable, changeless self.