Sloka 278
Sloka 278
Sloka (श्लोक)
तमो द्वाभ्यां रजः सत्त्वात्सत्त्वं शुद्धेन नश्यति । तस्मात्सत्त्वमवष्टभ्य स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २७८ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
तमः द्वाभ्यां रजः सत्त्वात् सत्त्वं शुद्धेन नश्यति तस्मात् सत्त्वम् अवष्टभ्य स्वाध्यासापनयम् कुरु
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
tamo dvābhyāṁ rajaḥ sattvāt sattvaṁ śuddhena naśyati | tasmāt sattvam avaṣṭabhya svādhyāsāpanayaṁ kuru || 278 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Darkness is destroyed by two things: passion by goodness, and goodness by purity. Therefore, firmly adhere to goodness and remove incorrect self-identification.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| तमः (tamaḥ) | darkness | अंधकार |
| द्वाभ्यां (dvābhyāṁ) | by two | दो से |
| रजः (rajaḥ) | passion | रज |
| सत्त्वात् (sattvāt) | by goodness | सत्त्व के द्वारा |
| सत्त्वं (sattvaṁ) | goodness | सत्त्व |
| शुद्धेन (śuddhena) | by purity | शुद्धता से |
| नश्यति (naśyati) | is destroyed | नष्ट होता है |
| तस्मात् (tasmāt) | therefore | इसलिए |
| सत्त्वम् (sattvam) | goodness | सत्त्व |
| अवष्टभ्य (avaṣṭabhya) | adhering firmly | दृढ़ता से थामकर |
| स्वाध्यासापनयम् (svādhyāsāpanayam) | removal of incorrect self-identification | स्वाध्यास का अपनयन |
| कुरु (kuru) | do | करो |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| तमः | नश्यति | द्वाभ्यां | Darkness is destroyed by two. | अंधकार दो द्वारा नष्ट होता है। |
| रजः | नश्यति | सत्त्वात | Passion is destroyed by goodness. | रज सत्त्व से नष्ट होता है। |
| सत्त्वं | नश्यति | शुद्धेन | Goodness is destroyed by purity. | सत्त्व शुद्धता से नष्ट होता है। |
| (तुम) | कुरु | स्वाध्यासापनयम् | (You) remove incorrect self-identification. | (तुम) स्वाध्यास का अपनयन करो। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Purity
- Self-awareness
- Spiritual Practice
Commentary (टीका)
This sloka emphasizes the progression from darkness (tamas) to light, through the transformation of qualities (guṇas). It describes the hierarchy where rajas (passion) is overcome by sattva (goodness), while sattva itself is purified by śuddhi (purity). The instruction is to strengthen one’s adherence to sattva while conscientiously eliminating adhyāsa (false self-identification), which is the root of spiritual ignorance. This process leads to greater self-awareness and liberation from binding tendencies. It underlines the essence of Vedantic practice, where self-refinement is a continuous process, driven by an internal shift towards higher states of consciousness.