Sloka 234
Sloka 234
Sloka (श्लोक)
यदि सत्यं भवेद्विश्वं सुषुप्तामुपलभ्यताम् । यन्नोपलभ्यते किंचिदतोऽसत्स्वप्नवन्मृषा ॥ २३४ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
यदि सत्यं भवेत् विश्वं सुषुप्तौ उपलभ्यताम् यत् न उपलभ्यते किंचित् अतः असत् स्वप्नवत् मृषा
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
yadi satyaṁ bhaved viśvaṁ suṣuptām upalabhyatām | yat nopalabhyate kiṁcid ato'sat svapnavan mṛṣā || 234 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
If the world were real, it would be perceived in deep sleep; since nothing is perceived, it is unreal, like a dream.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| यदि (yadi) | if | यदि |
| सत्यं (satyaṁ) | real | सत्य |
| भवेत् (bhavet) | would be | होता |
| विश्वं (viśvaṁ) | the world | विश्व |
| सुषुप्तौ (suṣuptau) | in deep sleep | गहरी नींद में |
| उपलभ्यताम् (upalabhyatām) | would be perceived | दिखाई देना चाहिए |
| यत् (yat) | that which | जो |
| न (na) | not | नहीं |
| उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) | is perceived | दिखता है |
| किंचित् (kiṁcit) | anything | कुछ भी |
| अतः (ataḥ) | therefore | इसलिए |
| असत् (asat) | unreal | असत्य |
| स्वप्नवत् (svapnavat) | like a dream | स्वप्न के समान |
| मृषा (mṛṣā) | false | झूठा |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| विश्वं | भवेत् | सत्यं | The world would be real. | विश्व सत्य होता। |
| यत् (object) | न | उपलभ्यते | That which is not perceived. | जो नहीं दिखता। |
| यत् | उपलभ्यते | न किंचित् | That which is not at all perceived. | जो कुछ भी नहीं दिखता। |
| अतः | भवेत् | असत् | Therefore, it is unreal. | इसलिए, यह असत्य है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Reality
- Dream State
- Non-Dualism
Commentary (टीका)
This verse emphasizes the nature of reality from a Vedantic perspective. It argues that if the world were truly real, it would be experienced even in the state of *suṣupti* (deep sleep), where the mind is inactive. However, since nothing is perceived during deep sleep, the verse suggests that the empirical world is not real, likening it to a dream (*svapna*). This challenges the perception of everyday reality and calls into question the ultimate nature of existence, in line with the non-dualistic philosophy of Advaita Vedanta, which asserts that the only ultimate reality is *Brahman*, and the phenomenological world is *mithyā* (illusory).