Sloka 228
Sloka 228
Sloka (श्लोक)
मृत्कार्यभूतोऽपि मृदो न भिन्नः कुम्भोऽस्ति सर्वत्र तु मृत्स्वरूपात् । न कुम्भरूपं पृथगस्ति कुम्भः कुतो मृषा कल्पितनाममात्रः ॥ २२८ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
मृत्-कार्य-भूतः अपि मृदः न भिन्नः कुम्भः अस्ति सर्वत्र तु मृत्-स्वरूपात् । न कुम्भ-रूपं पृथक् अस्ति कुम्भः कुतः मृषा कल्पित-नाम-मात्रः ॥ २२८ ॥
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
mṛt-kārya-bhūto'pi mṛdo na bhinnaḥ kumbho'sti sarvatra tu mṛt-svarūpāt | na kumbha-rūpaṁ pṛthag asti kumbhaḥ kuto mṛṣā kalpita-nāma-mātraḥ || 228 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
A pot, though a formed object made of clay, is not separate from clay itself; it exists everywhere as clay. The pot's form does not exist independently; hence, it is a merely imagined name.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| मृत्-कार्य-भूतः (mṛt-kārya-bhūtaḥ) | formed object made of clay | मिट्टी से बना हुआ कार्य |
| अपि (api) | though | यद्यपि |
| मृदः (mṛdaḥ) | from clay | मिट्टी से |
| न (na) | not | नहीं |
| भिन्नः (bhinnaḥ) | separate | भिन्न |
| कुम्भः (kumbhaḥ) | pot | घड़ा |
| अस्ति (asti) | is | है |
| सर्वत्र (sarvatra) | everywhere | सर्वत्र |
| तु (tu) | but | परंतु |
| मृत्-स्वरूपात् (mṛt-svarūpāt) | as the essence of clay | मिट्टी के स्वरूप के रूप में |
| न (na) | not | नहीं |
| कुम्भ-रूपं (kumbha-rūpaṁ) | pot's form | घड़े का रूप |
| पृथक् (pṛthak) | separate | अलग |
| अस्ति (asti) | exists | है |
| कुतः (kutaḥ) | hence | इसलिए |
| मृषा (mṛṣā) | merely | मात्र |
| कल्पित-नाम-मात्रः (kalpita-nāma-mātraḥ) | imagined name | कल्पित नाम मात्र |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| कुम्भः | न भिन्नः | मृदः | The pot is not separate from clay. | घड़ा मिट्टी से भिन्न नहीं है। |
| कुम्भः | अस्ति | मृत्-स्वरूपात् | The pot exists as the essence of clay. | घड़ा मिट्टी के स्वरूप के रूप में है। |
| कुम्भ-रूपम् | न अस्ति | पृथक् | The pot's form does not exist separately. | घड़े का रूप अलग से अस्तित्व में नहीं है। |
| कुम्भः | कल्पितः | नाम-मात्रः | The pot is a merely imagined name. | घड़ा केवल एक कल्पित नाम है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Non-duality
- Illusion
- Identity
Commentary (टीका)
This sloka expounds on the *advaitic* philosophy, asserting that objects like the pot are only apparent forms and do not have independent reality apart from their material cause, which is clay in this instance. The pot exhibits *nāma-rūpa* (name and form) but lacks true substance separate from clay. This underscores the teaching that the manifested world is ultimately *mithyā* ("false" or illusory) and that true knowledge is recognizing the oneness beneath apparent multiplicity. The concept is used to illustrate the illusion of separateness that *advaita* negates, guiding us towards identifying with the unified reality (Brahman) rather than the fleeting forms.