Sloka 105
Sloka 105
Sloka (श्लोक)
विषयाणामानुकूल्ये सुखी दुःखी विपर्यये । सुखं दुःखं च तद्धर्मः सदानन्दस्य नात्मनः ॥ १०५ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
विषयाणाम्
अनुकूल्ये
सुखी
दुःखी
विपर्यये
सुखं
दुःखं
च
तद्धर्मः
सदानन्दस्य
न
आत्मनः
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
viṣayāṇām ānukūlye sukhī duḥkhī viparyaye | sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ ca taddharmaḥ sadānandasya nātmanaḥ || 105 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Pleasure and pain arise from favorable and unfavorable conditions of objects; they are the attributes of eternal joy, not of the true Self.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| विषयाणाम् (viṣayāṇām) | of objects | विषयों का |
| अनुकूल्ये (ānukūlye) | in favorable conditions | अनुकूल अवस्था में |
| सुखी (sukhī) | happy | सुखी |
| दुःखी (duḥkhī) | unhappy | दुखी |
| विपर्यये (viparyaye) | in unfavorable conditions | प्रतिकूल अवस्था में |
| सुखं (sukhaṁ) | pleasure | सुख |
| दुःखं (duḥkhaṁ) | pain | दुख |
| च (ca) | and | और |
| तद्धर्मः (taddharmaḥ) | those qualities | वह धर्म |
| सदानन्दस्य (sadānandasya) | of eternal joy | सदानंद के |
| न (na) | not | नहीं |
| आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) | of the Self | आत्मा का |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| विषयाणाम् अनुकूल्ये | सुखी | individual | The individual becomes happy in favorable conditions. | व्यक्ति अनुकूल परिस्थितियों में सुखी होता है। |
| विषयाणाम् विपर्यये | दुःखी | individual | The individual becomes unhappy in unfavorable conditions. | व्यक्ति प्रतिकूल परिस्थितियों में दुखी होता है। |
| सुखं दुःखं | तद्धर्मः | सदानन्दस्य | Pleasure and pain are qualities of eternal joy. | सुख और दुख सदानंद के धर्म हैं। |
| सुखं दुःखं च | न | आत्मनः | Pleasure and pain are not of the Self. | सुख और दुख आत्मा के नहीं हैं। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Philosophy
- Eternal Joy
- Self and Non-Self
Commentary (टीका)
This verse delves into the nature of pleasure and pain, emphasizing that they are consequences of favorable or unfavorable interactions with external objects (*viṣaya*). These emotional states are mistakenly attributed to the Self (*ātman*), which is in reality the embodiment of eternal bliss (*sat-ānanda*). Thus, the verse urges a shift in perception from the transient to the eternal, highlighting that the essence of the Self is beyond temporary states such as happiness and sorrow.