Section 2 65
मनोमय कोष पर विचार | Reflection on the manomaya kosha
Summary (in English)
These slokas collectively delve into the concept of the *manomaya kośa* (mind-made sheath) and its significant role in spiritual bondage and liberation. Sloka 167 begins by describing how the mind and senses differentiate objects through the illusions of 'I' and 'mine', powered by social constructs like names. This differentiation is presented as an illusion that must be transcended to perceive unity. Continuing from this notion, Sloka 168 uses the metaphor of fire to illustrate how unchecked desires and sensory inputs (like offerings in a ritual) fuel the mind, causing suffering by consuming the physical world or *prapañca*. Sloka 169 identifies the mind itself as ignorance, causing worldly bondage, thus necessitating the dissolution of the mind for liberation. Slokas 170 and 171 emphasize the mind’s role in fabricating reality, stating that both dream and waking experiences are manifestations of the mind; similarly, the absence of mind in deep sleep signifies the nonexistence of *saṁsāra*, which is otherwise a mental construct. Sloka 172 underscores the dualistic nature of the mind through clouds and wind analogy, where both bondage and liberation are imagined by the mind. Continuing, Sloka 173 portrays the mind as initially binding the self with attachments, which are later recognized as distasteful, liberating the individual. Finally, Sloka 174 establishes the mind as the cause of both bondage and liberation, determined by its state of purity and impurity, influenced respectively by qualities of rajas and sattva. Together, these verses stress the transcendence of the mental fabrications and the purification of mind for realizing truth and liberation.
सारांश
ये श्लोक मनोमय कोष (मन के आवरण) और उसकी आध्यात्मिक बंधन और मुक्ति में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका पर चर्चा करते हैं। श्लोक १६७ में बताया गया है कि कैसे मन और इंद्रियाँ वस्तुओं को 'मैं' और 'मेरा' के भ्रम के माध्यम से भिन्न करते हैं, जो सामाजिक संरचनाओं जैसे नामों द्वारा प्रेरित होता है। यह भिन्नता एक भ्रम के रूप में प्रस्तुत की गई है जिसे पार कर एकता की प्राप्ति को हासिल करना चाहिए। श्लोक १६८ में अग्नि के रूपक का उपयोग करके बताया गया है कि अनियंत्रित इच्छाएँ और संवेदी योगदान (जैसे किसी यज्ञ में समर्पण) मन को प्रेरित करते हैं, जिससे लौकिक जगत का विनाश होता है। श्लोक १६९ में मन को ही अविद्या बताया गया है, जिससे लौकिक बंधन होता है, और मुक्ति के लिए मन का नाश आवश्यक है। श्लोक १७० और १७१ में मन की भूमिका को वास्तविकता के निर्माण में बल देते हैं, बताते हैं कि स्वप्न और जागृत दोनों अवस्थाएँ केवल मन के प्रसार हैं; और इसी तरह से गहरी नींद में मन की अनुपस्थिति संसार को अवास्तविक दर्शाती है। श्लोक १७२ में मन की द्वैत भूमिका को हवा और बादलों के रूपक के माध्यम से व्यक्त किया गया है, जहां बंधन और मुक्ति दोनों मन के निर्माण हैं। श्लोक १७३ मन को पहले अज्ञानता से जोड़ देते हैं, जो बाद में तिरस्कार से अवगत कराता है और व्यक्ति को मुक्त करता है। अंत में, श्लोक १७४ मन को बंधन और मुक्ति का कारण बताते हैं, जिन्हें रज और सत्व की अवस्थाओं पर निर्धारित किया जाता है। ये श्लोक मानसिक निर्माणों को पार करने और मुक्ति प्राप्त करने के लिए मन के शुद्धिकरण को आवश्यक बताते हैं।
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- manomaya kośa (मनोमय कोष)
- mama-aham-iti (मम-अहम-इति)
- vastu-vikalpa-hetu (वस्तु-विकल्प-हेतुः)
- pañcendriya (पञ्चेन्द्रिय)
- manomaya agni (मनोमय अग्निः)
- avidyā (अविद्या)
- bhava-bandha (भवबन्ध)
- mokṣa (मोक्ष)
- rāga (राग)
- vairasya (वैरस्य)
- sattva (सत्त्व)
- rajas (रजस)
Topics
- Role of the mind in spiritual bondage and liberation
- Illusory nature of perceived reality
- Transformation through purification of the mind
- Mental fabrication of the world
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method
- Analysis of conditions and states
- Conceptual clarity on mind and perception
S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text
| Subject | Verb | Object |
|---|---|---|
| The mind and senses | constitute | the sheath of illusion |
| The mind | causes | differentiation of objects |
| Desires and sensory perceptions | fuel | the fire of the mind |
| Ignorance | is | identical with the mind |
| The mind | fabricates | worldly existence |
| The mind | imagines | bondage |
| The mind | imagines | liberation |
| The mind | binds | the self with attachment |
| The mind | liberates | the individual |
| The mind | is | the cause of both bondage and liberation |
Slokas & Translations
Sloka 167
ज्ञानेन्द्रियाणि च मनश्च मनोमायाः स्यात् कोशो ममाहमिति वस्तुविकल्पहेतुः । संज्ञादिभेदकलनाकलितो बलीयांस् तत्पूर्वकोशमभिपूर्य विजृम्भते यः ॥ १६७ ॥
Translation: The mind and sense organs, being the sheath of illusion of mind, serve as the cause of object differentiation, which is empowered by classifications such as names, completely filling the prior sheath and manifesting powerfully.
Sloka 168
पञ्चेन्द्रियैः पञ्चभिरेव होतृभिः प्रचीयमानो विषयाज्यधारया । जाज्वल्यमानो बहुवासनेन्धनैः मनोमयाग्निर्दहति प्रपञ्चम् ॥ १६८ ॥
Translation: The fire of the mind, fueled by the senses and desires, burns the entire phenomenal world.
Sloka 169
न ह्यस्त्यविद्या मनसोऽतिरिक्ता मनो ह्यविद्या भवबन्धहेतुः । तस्मिन्विनष्टे सकलं विनष्टं विजृम्भितेऽस्मिन्सकलं विजृम्भते ॥ १६९ ॥
Translation: Ignorance is nothing other than the mind, as the mind itself is the cause of worldly bondage. When the mind is destroyed, everything is destroyed; when it is active, everything flourishes.
Sloka 170
स्वप्नेऽर्थशून्ये सृजति स्वशक्त्या भोक्त्रादिविश्वं मन एव सर्वम् । तथैव जाग्रत्यपि नो विशेषः तत्सर्वमेतन्मनसो विजृम्भणम् ॥ १७0 ॥
Translation: Just as in dreams the mind creates a world out of nothing with its power, so too in the waking state; all of this is merely an expansion of the mind.
Sloka 171
सुषुप्तिकाले मनसि प्रलीने नैवास्ति किंचित्सकलप्रसिद्धेः । अतो मनःकल्पितेव पुंसः संसार एतस्य न वस्तुतोऽस्ति ॥ १७१ ॥
Translation: In deep sleep, when the mind is dissolved, nothing exists according to common experience. Thus, for man, the samsara is merely a mental fabrication and does not exist in reality.
Sloka 172
वायुनानीयते मेधः पुनस्तेनैव नीयते । मनसा कल्प्यते बन्धो मोक्षस्तेनैव कल्प्यते ॥ १७२ ॥
Translation: Just as clouds are brought by the wind and dispersed by it again, bondage is imagined by the mind, and liberation is imagined by the same.
Sloka 173
देहादिसर्वविषये परिकल्प्य रागं बध्नाति तेन पुरुषं पशुवद्गुणेन । वैरस्यमत्र विषवत्सुवुधाय पश्चाद् एनं विमोचयति तन्मन एव बन्धात् ॥ १७३ ॥
Translation: The mind imagines attachment to all objects, like the body and others, binding the person like an animal. Later, realizing the distasteful nature of this attachment as poison, it liberates him from the bondage.
Sloka 174
तस्मान्मनः कारणमस्य जन्तोः बन्धस्य मोक्षस्य च वा विधाने । बन्धस्य हेतुर्मलिनं रजोगुणैः मोक्षस्य शुद्धं विरजस्तमस्कम् ॥ १७४ ॥
Translation: Thus, the mind is the cause for both bondage and liberation of this being; for bondage, it is impure due to rajas, and for liberation, it is pure, free from rajas and tamas.