Section 2 23
पुरुषार्थ की महिमा | The Glory of Effort
Summary (in English)
This series of verses underscores the doctrine emphasizing personal effort and self-reliance on the path to liberation and understanding. In Sloka 51, it is noted that while debts can be settled by one's progeny, personal bonds cannot be broken by anyone other than oneself, emphasizing the need for self-reliance in achieving mokṣa (liberation). Sloka 52 continues with this theme, distinguishing between external pains that others can relieve and internal ones like hunger that require self-effort, highlighting the importance of svādhyāya (self-study) and svayamupāya (self-means). Sloka 53 describes how a patient's health is attained through personal adherence to diet and medicine, emphasizing practical and disciplined personal health practices. Sloka 54 illustrates direct perception over theoretical knowledge, as true understanding of anything, akin to the moon's image, comes through individual perception. Finally, Sloka 55 stresses the unique role of the self in liberating one from ignorance, desire, and karma, portraying liberation as an inner journey beyond time constraints. Collectively, these verses convey the message of self-effort, realization, and internal awakening as the keys to spiritual growth and liberation.
सारांश
यह श्लोकों की शृंखला व्यक्तिगत प्रयास और आत्मनिर्भरता के सिद्धांत को मुक्तिद्वार और समझ के लिए महत्व देती है। श्लोक 51 में बताया गया है कि जहाँ पुत्र ऋण चुकाने में मदद कर सकते हैं, वहीं व्यक्तिगत बंधनों को कोई दूसरा नहीं तोड़ सकता, मोक्ष (मुक्ति) को पाने के लिए आत्मनिर्भरता ज़रूरी है। श्लोक 52 इस विषय को आगे बढ़ाता है, बाह्य कष्टों और भूख जैसी आंतरिक पीड़ाओं के बीच अंतर स्पष्ट करते हुए आत्मप्रयास की महत्ता पर जोर देता है। श्लोक 53 में रोगी की स्वास्थ्य-सिद्धि के लिए आहार और औषधि का स्वयं पालन महत्वपूर्ण बताया गया है। श्लोक 54 में प्रत्यक्ष अनुभव को सैद्धांतिक ज्ञान पर प्रधान बताते हुए कहा गया है कि चंद्रमा के रूप को समझने के लिए जैसे निजी दृष्टि की आवश्यकता होती है, वैसे ही सत्य का ज्ञान व्यक्तिगत रूप से होता है। अंत में, श्लोक 55 आत्मा द्वारा अविद्या, काम और कर्म से मुक्ति की अनिवार्यता पर बल देते हुए मुक्ति को एक आंतरिक यात्रा के रूप में प्रस्तुत करता है। ये श्लोक आत्मप्रयास, अनुभव और जागरूकता को आध्यात्मिक उन्नति और मुक्ति की कुंजी बताते हैं।
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- mokṣa (मोक्ष)
- svādhyāya (स्वाध्याय)
- svayamupāya (स्वयमुपाय)
- anubhava (अनुभव)
- avidyā (अविद्या)
- kāma (काम)
- karma (कर्म)
Topics
- Personal effort in liberation
- Distinction of internal and external efforts
- Self-reliance and realization
- Importance of direct perception over theoretical knowledge
- Inner awakening and transformation
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching self-reliance
- Differentiating internal and external effort
- Stressing personal experience
- Emphasizing self-realization
S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text
| Subject | Verb | Object |
|---|---|---|
| Sons and others | liberate | Father from debts |
| No one | liberates | Oneself from bonds |
| Others | remove | Pain from external burdens |
| Self | requires | Effort to relieve hunger |
| Patient | attains | Health through diet and medicine |
| The nature of an object | Comprehended by | One’s own understanding |
| Moon's form | Known by | Oneself's eyes |
| Self | liberates | From ignorance, desire, and karma |
Slokas & Translations
Sloka 51
ऋणमोचनकर्तारः पितुः सन्ति सुतादयः । बन्धमोचनकर्ता तु स्वस्मादन्यो न कश्चन ॥ ५१ ॥
Translation: The sons and others can liberate the father from debts, but no one else can liberate oneself from bonds.
Sloka 52
मस्तकन्यस्तभारादेर्दुःखमन्यैर्निवार्यते । क्षुधादिकृतदुःखं तु विना स्वेन न केनचित् ॥ ५२ ॥
Translation: The pain caused by burdens placed on the head can be removed by others, but the pain caused by hunger, etc., cannot be removed by anyone except oneself.
Sloka 53
पथ्यमौषधसेवा च क्रियते येन रोगिणा । आरोग्यसिद्धिर्दृष्टास्य नान्यानुष्ठितकर्मणा ॥ ५३ ॥
Translation: A patient attains health by the practice of diet and medicine, not by any other act.
Sloka 54
वस्तुस्वरूपं स्फुटबोधचक्षुषा स्वेनैव वेद्यं न तु पण्डितेन । चन्द्रस्वरूपं निजचक्षुषैव ज्ञातव्यमन्यैरवगम्यते किम् ॥ ५४ ॥
Translation: The true nature of an object is to be comprehended by one's own clear understanding, not through a scholar; just as the form of the moon is to be known by one's own eyes, can it be understood by others?
Sloka 55
अविद्याकामकर्मादिपाशबन्धं विमोचितुम् । कः शक्नुयाद्विनात्मानं कल्पकोटिशतैरपि ॥ ५५ ॥
Translation: Who could liberate oneself from the bonds of ignorance, desire, and karma, even in hundreds of millions of eons, without the self?