Section 1 15

Pramaada in Atma Nishta is death

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Summary (in English)

This collection of ślokas from an important Vedantic text highlights the detrimental impact of negligence (pramāda) on the path to self-realization and liberation. Emphasizing meditation and dissolution of perceptions, the ślokas suggest a practice rooted in the blissful essence of being (ānandaghana). Vigilance is equated to life, as negligence in spiritual practice is compared to death. For the wise, pramāda leads to delusion (moha), egoism, bondage, and suffering, stressing the necessity for vigilance and rigorous self-awareness. The enticements of sensory objects and the influence of māyā (illusion) caution even the wise, showing how easily distraction can derail a focused mind. The goal is to sustain unwavering meditation (samādhi) and self-awareness (svarūpa) without succumbing to obstacles caused by attachment or external distractions. Liberation (mukti) comes through renouncing thoughts (saṅkalpa) and embracing the non-dual reality, free from the allure of māyā. This path involves rejecting worldly attachments and realizing one's inherent luminous self that is liberated from karmic bondage. The ślokas collectively advocate maintaining dedication and focus, avoiding external associations that cultivate negative tendencies, and embracing non-duality as a means to liberation.

सारांश

यह श्लोकों का संग्रह अद्वैत वेदान्त की महत्वपूर्ण हिदायतें प्रस्तुत करता है जो आत्म-निष्ठा और मुक्ति की राह में प्रमाद के दुष्प्रभाव को उजागर करता है। इन श्लोकों में ध्यान और धारणाओं के विलय की सलाह दी गई है, जो आत्मा की आनंदघन स्थिति में स्थित एक अभ्यास का समर्थन करते हैं। आत्मिक अभ्यास में प्रमाद को मृत्यु के समान माना गया है। प्रमाद मोहन, अहंता, बंधन और पीड़ा का कारण है, जिससे सतर्कता और आत्म-जागरूकता का महत्व स्पष्ट होता है। विषय बोध की मोहकता और माया का प्रभाव विद्वानों को भी सावधान करता है। मुक्ति की प्राप्ति विचारों के त्याग और अद्वैत यथार्थ में स्थिर रहकर होती है, जिसमें माया के प्रलोभनों से मुक्त होकर निहित आत्मज्ञान को अपनाया जाता है। इसका रास्ता बाह्य संलग्नताओं का त्याग और स्वयं की स्वाभाविक प्रकृति की प्राप्ति से निकलता है, जो कर्मबंधन से मुक्त है। श्लोक मिलकर समर्पण और ध्यान की दिशा में स्थाई नियतता को प्रशंसा करते हैं, बाह्य संबंधों से अलगाव को बढ़ावा देते हैं जो नकारात्मक प्रवृत्तियों को प्रकट करते हैं, और मुक्ति के लिए अद्वैत को ग्रहण करने की हिदायत देते हैं।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

• pramāda (प्रमाद)
• ānandaghana (आनंदघन)
• samāhitaḥ (समाहितः)
• karma-bandha (कर्मबंध)
• moha (मोह)
• ahaṁdhī (अहंधी)
• bandha (बंधन)
• vyathā (व्यथा)
• māyā (माया)
• saṅkalpa (संकल्प)
• kaivalya (कैवल्य)
• dvaita (द्वैत)
• mukti (मुक्ति)
• ātma-dṛṣṭi (आत्मदृष्टि)
• sudarśa (सुदर्शन)
• viveka (विवेक)
• nirvikalpa samādhi (निर्विकल्प समाधि)
• tattvajñāḥ (तत्त्वज्ञाः)

Topics

• The detrimental effect of negligence in spiritual practice.
• The process and importance of constant self-realization.
• The challenge and manipulation of māyā and sensory objects.
• Strategy for aligning with non-dual reality.
• Techniques of meditation and regaining focus.
• Connection of inner tranquility with supreme self-vision.

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

• Spiritual Path and Mindfulness
• Overcoming Ignorance
• Discrimination between Real and Unreal
• Meditation Practices
• Teaching a Method
• Qualities of the Wise
• Dangers of Negligence

S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text

Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples

Subject	Verb	Object
Wise practitioners	dissolve	perceptions
Practitioners	meditate on	essence of bliss
Esteemed son of Brahmā	says	negligence in brahma-niṣṭhā is death
Negligence	leads to	delusion
Delusion	gives rise to	egoism
Egoism	leads to	bondage
Bondage	results in	suffering
Even the wise	are distracted by	sensory allure
Māyā	envelops	the turned away wise
Mind	deviates from	its goal, resulting in wandering
Mind	imagines	qualities of objects
Imagination	gives rise to	desire
Desire	results in	action
Wise practitioner	attains	success in meditation
Liberation	requires	renouncing thoughts
Wise one	should not perceive	duality in Brahman
Śruti	warns against	sinful activities
Devotion to falsehood	leads to	dissolution
Attachment to body	prevents	liberation
Realization of self in all beings	leads to	liberation
Discrimination	burns away	ignorance
True understanding	results in	removal of ignorance
Liberation	is achieved through	realization of non-duality

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Slokas & Translations

Sloka 320

दृश्यं प्रतीतं प्रविलापयन्सन्
सन्मात्रमानन्दघनं विभावयन् ।
समाहितः सन्बहिरन्तरं वा
कालं नयेथाः सति कर्मबन्धे ॥ ३२० ॥

Translation: Dissolving what is perceived, meditating on the essence of bliss; remain equanimous, whether outward or inward, passing time in the presence of karmic bondage.

Sloka 321

प्रमादो ब्रह्मनिष्ठायां न कर्तव्यः कदाचन ।
प्रमादो मृत्युरित्याह भगवान्ब्रह्मणः सुतः ॥ ३२१ ॥

Translation: Negligence in the practice of steadfastness in the Absolute should never be indulged in, for negligence is akin to death, says the venerable son of Brahmā.

Sloka 322

न प्रमादादनर्थोऽन्यो ज्ञानिनः स्वस्वरूपतः ।
ततो मोहस्ततोऽहंधीस्ततो बन्धस्ततो व्यथा ॥ ३२२ ॥

Translation: For the wise, there is no misfortune other than carelessness; from it comes delusion, egoism, bondage, and then suffering.

Sloka 323

विषयाभिमुखं दृष्ट्वा विद्वांसमपि विस्मृतिः ।
विक्षेपयति धीदोषैर्योषा जारमिव प्रियम् ॥ ३२३ ॥

Translation: Even the wise, upon seeing the allure of the senses, are distracted by forgetfulness, just as a woman might distract her beloved paramour.

Sloka 324

यथापकृष्टं शैवालं क्षणमात्रं न तिष्ठति ।
आवृणोति तथा माया प्राज्ञं वापि पराङ्मुखम् ॥ ३२४ ॥

Translation: Just as algae, once removed, do not stay for even a moment, so does illusion soon envelop even the wise turned away.

Sloka 325

लक्ष्यच्युतं चेद्यदि चित्तमीषद्
बहिर्मुखं सन्निपतेत्ततस्ततः ।
प्रमादतः प्रच्युतकेलिकन्दुकः
सोपानपङ्क्तौ पतितो यथा तथा ॥ ३२५ ॥

Translation: If the mind deviates slightly from its goal, like a ball on a staircase due to negligence, it will keep tumbling here and there.

Sloka 326

विषयेऽष्वाविशच्चेतः संकल्पयति तद्गुणान् ।
सम्यक्संकल्पनात्कामः कामात्पुंसः प्रवर्तनम् ॥ ३२६ ॥

Translation: When the mind engages with objects, it imagines their qualities; from proper imagination arises desire, and from desire, arises action in people.

Sloka 327

अतः प्रमादान्न परोऽस्ति मृत्युः
विवेकिनो ब्रह्मविदः समाधौ ।
समाहितः सिद्धिमुपैति सम्यक्
समाहितात्मा भव सावधानः ॥ ३२७ ॥

Translation: There is no death worse than negligence; in the state of meditation, a wise knower of Brahman attains success completely. Therefore, one should be composed and cautious.

Sloka 328

ततः स्वरूपविभ्रंशो विभ्रष्टस्तु पतत्यधः ।
पतितस्य विना नाशं पुनर्नारोह ईक्ष्यते ॥ ३२८ ॥

Translation: Thereafter, the fallen one deviates from his true nature and descends downward. For the fallen, without complete destruction, rising again is not observed.

Sloka 329

संकल्पं वर्जयेत्तस्मात्सर्वानर्थस्य कारणम् ।
जीवतो यस्य कैवल्यं विदेहे स च केवलः
यत्किंचित्पश्यतो भेदं भयं ब्रूते यजुःश्रुतिः ॥ ३२९ ॥

Translation: Therefore, one should renounce thoughts, the cause of all distress. The liberation achieved by the living belongs to him alone in the disembodied state. The Yajur Veda states that fear arises as soon as there is the perception of duality.

Sloka 330

यदा कदा वापि विपश्चिदेष<br />ब्रह्मण्यनन्तेऽप्यणुमात्रभेदम् । <br />पश्यत्यथामुष्य भयं तदैव<br />यद्वीक्षितं भिन्नतया प्रमादात् ॥ ३३ ॥

Translation: If the wise one perceives even the slightest difference in the infinite Brahman, immediately that perception creates fear because it was viewed with error as separate.

Sloka 331

श्रुतिस्मृतिन्यायशतैर्निषिद्धे
दृश्येऽत्र यः स्वात्ममतिं करोति ।
उपैति दुःखोपरि दुःखजातं
निषिद्धकर्ता स मलिम्लुचो यथा ॥ ३३१ ॥

Translation: One who applies their mind to that which is forbidden by hundreds of scriptural injunctions invites suffering upon suffering, akin to a lowly sinner.

Sloka 332

सत्याभिसंधानरतो विमुक्तो
महत्त्वमात्मीयमुपैति नित्यम् ।
मिथ्याभिसन्धानरतस्तु नश्येद्
दृष्टं तदेतद्यदचौरचौरयोः ॥ ३३२ ॥

Translation: One who is devoted to truth attains eternal greatness, while one devoted to falsehood perishes, as seen in the case of the honest and the thief.

Sloka 333

यतिरसदनुसन्धिं बन्धहेतुं विहाय
स्वयमायामहमस्मीत्यात्मदृष्ट्यैव तिष्ठेत् ।
सुखयति ननु निष्ठा ब्रह्मणि स्वानुभूत्या
हरति परमविद्याकार्यदुःखं प्रतीतम् ॥ ३३३ ॥

Translation: By leaving the false associations causing bondage, and standing firmly in self-realization, attachment to the true self erases perceived sufferings.

Sloka 334

बाह्यानुसन्धिः परिवर्धयेत्फलं
दुर्वासनामेव ततस्ततोऽधिकाम् ।
ज्ञात्वा विवेकैः परिहृत्य बाह्यं
स्वात्मानुसन्धिं विदधीत नित्यम् ॥ ३३४ ॥

Translation: External attachment increases fruit, enhancing negative tendencies; knowing this, discard the external and perpetually focus on self-reflection.

Sloka 335

बाह्ये निरुद्धे मनसः प्रसन्नता
मनःप्रसादे परमात्मदर्शनम् ।
तस्मिन्सुदृष्टे भवबन्धनाशो
बहिर्निरोधः पदवी विमुक्तेः ॥ ३३५ ॥

Translation: When external is restrained, the mind becomes serene; in that serenity lies the vision of the Supreme Self. With true vision, the bonds of existence are destroyed; external restraint is the path to liberation.

Sloka 336

कः पण्डितः सन्सदसद्विवेकी
श्रुतिप्रमाणः परमार्थदर्शी । 
जानन्हि कुर्यादसतोऽवलम्बं
स्वपातहेतोः शिशुवन्मुमुक्षुः ॥ ३३६ ॥

Translation: Which wise person, possessing discrimination of real and unreal, who follows the scriptures and sees the supreme reality, would consciously hold onto the unreal like a child desiring liberation?

Sloka 337

देहादिसंसक्तिमतो न मुक्तिः
मुक्तस्य देहाद्यभिमत्यभावः ।
सुप्तस्य नो जागरणं न जाग्रतः
स्वप्नस्तयोर्भिन्नगुणाश्रयत्वात् ॥ ३३७ ॥

Translation: There is no liberation for one attached to the body and other material things; liberation is the absence of obsession with the body, etc. Just as there is no waking for the sleeping person and no dream for the awake, due to their distinct states.

Sloka 338

अन्तर्बहिः स्वं स्थिरजङ्गमेषु<br />
ज्ञात्वात्मनाधारतया विलोक्य । <br />
त्यक्ताखिलोपाधिरखण्डरूपः<br />
पूर्णात्मना यः स्थित एष मुक्तः ॥ ३३८ ॥

Translation: The one who sees himself everywhere, both inside and outside, in the stable and moving beings, and who, having discarded all limitations, remains in the unbroken reality with a full sense of self, is liberated.

Sloka 339

सर्वात्मना बन्धविमुक्तिहेतुः
सर्वात्मभावान्न परोऽस्ति कश्चित् ।
दृश्याग्रहे सत्युपपद्यतेऽसौ
सर्वात्मभावोऽस्य सदात्मनिष्ठया ॥ ३३९ ॥

Translation: Through constant self-awareness, which is the cause of liberation, there's none greater than seeing all as the Self.

Sloka 340

दृश्यस्याग्रहणं कथं नु घटते देहात्मना तिष्ठतो
बाह्यार्थानुभवप्रसक्तमनसस्तत्तत्क्रियां कुर्वतः ।
संन्यस्ताखिलधर्मकर्मविषयैर्नित्यात्मनिष्ठापरैः
तत्त्वज्ञैः करणीयमात्मनि सदानन्देच्छुभिर्यत्नतः ॥ ३४० ॥

Translation: How is the non-perception of the visible world achieved by one who abides as the body, whose mind is attached to external objects and performing various actions? It is to be done diligently by the knower of Truth who have renounced all objects of dharma and karma, and are intent on the eternal Self, desirous of eternal bliss.

Sloka 341

सर्वात्मसिद्धये भिक्षोः कृतश्रवणकर्मणः ।
समाधिं विदधात्येषा शान्तो दान्त इति श्रुतिः ॥ ३४१ ॥

Translation: The scripture declares that peace and control lead to the attainment of the Self for a monk who has performed the act of listening, achieving perfection in meditation.

Sloka 342

आरूढशक्तेरहमो विनाशः
कर्तुन्न शक्य सहसापि पण्डितैः ।
ये निर्विकल्पाख्यसमाधिनिश्चलाः
तानन्तरानन्तभवा हि वासनाः ॥ ३४२ ॥

Translation: Ego destruction of one whose power is ascended cannot be done even by learned ones swiftly; the latent impressions (vāsanāḥ) rooted deeply, indeed, persist.

Sloka 343

अहंबुद्ध्यैव मोहिन्या योजयित्वावृतेर्बलात् ।
विक्षेपशक्तिः पुरुषं विक्षेपयति तद्गुणैः ॥ ३४३ ॥

Translation: By the power of delusion through the ego-sense, the dispersive force diverts the person with those qualities.

Sloka 344

विक्षेपशक्तिविजयो विषमो विधातुं 
निःशेषमावरणशक्तिनिवृत्त्यभावे ।
दृग्दृश्ययोः स्फुटपयोजलवद्विभागे
नश्येत्तदावरणमात्मनि च स्वभावात् 
निःसंशयेन भवति प्रतिबन्धशून्यो
विक्षेपणं नहिं तदा यदि चेन्मृषार्थे ॥ ३४४ ॥

Translation: Defeating the power of distraction is difficult without the complete cessation of the veiling power; when the distinction between the seer and the seen becomes clear, that veiling in the self will naturally dissolve, and undoubtedly, the obstructionless projection ceases when related to the false objective.

Sloka 345

सम्यग्विवेकः स्फुटबोधजन्यो
विभज्य दृग्दृश्यपदार्थतत्त्वम् ।
छिनत्ति मायाकृतमोहबन्धं
यस्माद्विमुक्तस्तु पुनर्न संसृतिः ॥ ३४५ ॥

Translation: The clear discrimination, generated by precise understanding, severs the bonds of delusion created by illusion; hence, once liberated, there is no rebirth.

Sloka 346

परावरैकत्वविवेकवन्हिः
दहत्यविद्यागहनं ह्यशेषम् ।
किं स्यात्पुनः संसरणस्य बीजं
अद्वैतभावं समुपेयुषोऽस्य ॥ ३४६ ॥

Translation: The fire of discrimination between the eternal and the non-eternal burns away the dense ignorance completely. What seed of rebirth may remain for one who has attained the state of non-duality?

Sloka 347

आवरणस्य निवृत्तिर्भवति हि सम्यक्पदार्थदर्शनतः ।
मिथ्याज्ञानविनाशस्तद्विक्षेपजनितदुःखनिवृत्तिः ॥ ३४७ ॥

Translation: The removal of ignorance occurs through the true understanding of reality, resulting in the cessation of suffering caused by delusory knowledge and mental disturbances.