Section 1 13
Deha Abimaana Tyaagam
Summary (in English)
The passage centers on the Vedantic principle of non-duality and the importance of overcoming false identifications. Across the slokas, a recurring theme is removing misconceptions (adhyāsa) and realizing the true self (ātman) as identical with Brahman, the supreme reality. It emphasizes the necessity of renouncing worldly desires, attachments, and conformities to attain liberation (mokṣa). The text advises a shift from external actions to introspective understanding through śruti (scriptures), yukti (reasoning), and anubhava (experience). Metaphors like the pot-space merging with great space illustrate the illusory nature of individual separateness. By steadfastly adhering to the inner self and dissolving ego, a practitioner experiences the universal self, transcends worldly illusions, and achieves fulfillment.
सारांश
यह खंड वेदांत के अद्वैत सिद्धांत और झूठी पहचानों को पार करने के महत्व पर केंद्रित है। इस श्लोक में बार-बार कहा गया है कि भ्रांतियों (अध्यास) को हटाकर सच्चे आत्मा (आत्मन) का अहसास करना चाहिए जो ब्रह्म, सर्वोच्च सत्य के साथ समान है। यह दुनियावी इच्छाओं, लगावों और रीति-रिवाजों को त्यागने की आवश्यकता पर बल देता है ताकि मोक्ष प्राप्त हो सके। शास्त्रों, युक्ति और अनुभव के माध्यम से बाहरी कार्यों से लेकर अंतर्दृष्टि वाले समझ तक के बदलाव की सिफारिश की गई है। जैसे घटाकाश का महाकाश से मिलना वैसा ही है जैसे व्यष्टि की अलगावना का मिथ्यात्मक होना। आत्मा के प्रति दृढ़ निष्ठा द्वारा और अहंकार का विलय करते समय साधक सार्वभौमिक आत्मा का अनुभव करता है, दुनियावी भ्रांतियों को पार करता है और पूर्ति प्राप्त करता है।
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Topics
- Self-realization and non-duality
- Renunciation of false identifications
- Overcoming desires and attachments
- Inner witness and discernment
- Metaphors of pot-space and actor's costume
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method (अध्यासापनय की विधि सिखाना)
- Overcoming Ignorance (अज्ञानता का अतिक्रमण)
- Realization of True Self (सत्य स्वरूप की अनुभूति)
S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text
| Subject | Verb | Object |
|---|---|---|
| The wise | should discard | false identification with non-self |
| One | should recognize | inner self as mind's witness |
| Practitioners | should abandon | societal, bodily, and scriptural conformities |
| Knowledge | does not arise | due to worldly, scriptural, and bodily desires |
| One | who desires liberation | must overcome desires like iron-chains |
| Seeker | should realize | their true self as Brahman |
| Individual | must negate | superimpositions of being an individual soul |
| Seeker | is advised | to immerse self in wisdom for true understanding |
Slokas & Translations
Sloka 268
अहं ममेति यो भावो देहाक्षादावनात्मनि । अध्यासोऽयं निरस्तव्यो विदुषा स्वात्मनिष्ठया ॥ २६८ ॥
Translation: The misconception of identification as 'I' and 'mine' with the non-self like the body and senses should be discarded by the wise through self-abidance.
Sloka 269
ज्ञात्वा स्वं प्रत्यगात्मानं बुद्धितद्वृत्तिसाक्षिणम् । सोऽहमित्येव सद्वृत्त्यानात्मन्यात्ममतिं जहि ॥ २६९ ॥
Translation: Having known your inner self as the witness of the mind's modifications, abandon the notion of self in the non-self with true discernment.
Sloka 270
लोकानुवर्तनं त्यक्त्वा त्यक्त्वा देहानुवर्तनम् । शास्त्रानुवर्तनं त्यक्त्वा स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २७0 ॥
Translation: Abandon the conformity to societal actions, bodily actions, and scriptural instructions; instead, focus on removing your own misconceptions.
Sloka 271
लोकवासनया जन्तोः शास्त्रवासनयापि च । देहवासनया ज्ञानं यथावन्नैव जायते ॥ २७१ ॥
Translation: Knowledge does not arise in its true form for a being due to desires for worldly, scriptural, and bodily attachments.
Sloka 272
संसारकारागृहमोक्षमिच्छोर् अयोमायां पादनिबन्धशृङ्खलम् । वदन्ति तज्ज्ञाः पटु वासनात्रयं योऽस्माद्विमुक्तः समुपैति मुक्तिम् ॥ २७२ ॥
Translation: For one who desires liberation from the worldly prison, the learned declare that the trio of strong desires is an iron-chain binding the feet. One who is freed from these attains liberation.
Sloka 273
जलादिसंसर्गवशात्प्रभूत दुर्गन्धधूतागरुदिव्यवासना । संघर्षणेनैव विभाति सम्यग् विधूयमाने सति बाह्यगन्धे ॥ २७३ ॥
Translation: When external odours are eliminated, the innate divine fragrance of agarwood shines forth clearly, despite being overwhelmed by contact with water and other substances.
Sloka 274
अन्तःश्रितानन्तदूरन्तवासना धूलीविलिप्ता परमात्मवासना । प्रज्ञातिसंघर्षणतो विशुद्धा प्रतीयते चन्दनगन्धवत्स्फुटम् ॥ २७४ ॥
Translation: The pure inclination towards the Supreme Self, though initially obscured by endless, deep-seated habitual impressions, becomes manifest like the fragrance of sandalwood when purified through intense intellectual friction.
Sloka 275
अनात्मवासनाजालैस्तिरोभूतात्मवासना । नित्यात्मनिष्ठया तेषां नाशे भाति स्वयं स्फुटम् ॥ २७५ ॥
Translation: When the tendencies towards non-self are dissipated, the innate self-tendencies shine forth clearly through the continuous focus on the eternal self.
Sloka 276
यथा यथा प्रत्यगवस्थितं मनः तथा तथा मुञ्चति बाह्यवासनाम् । निःशेषमोक्षे सति वासनानां आत्मानुभूतिः प्रतिबन्धशून्या ॥ २७६ ॥
Translation: As the mind turns inward, it gradually releases external desires. When all desires are eradicated, the experience of the self becomes unimpeded.
Sloka 277
स्वात्मन्येव सदा स्थित्वा मनो नश्यति योगिनः । वासनानां क्षयश्चातः स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २७७ ॥
Translation: By remaining always established in the self, the mind of the yogi dissolves; thus, make effort to remove self-imposed misconceptions.
Sloka 278
तमो द्वाभ्यां रजः सत्त्वात्सत्त्वं शुद्धेन नश्यति । तस्मात्सत्त्वमवष्टभ्य स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २७८ ॥
Translation: Darkness is destroyed by two things: passion by goodness, and goodness by purity. Therefore, firmly adhere to goodness and remove incorrect self-identification.
Sloka 279
प्रारब्धं पुष्यति वपुरिति निश्चित्य निश्चलः । धैर्यमालम्ब्य यत्नेन स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २७९ ॥
Translation: Realize firmly, the body is sustained by destiny. By relying on courage, diligently remove your false self-identification.
Sloka 280
नाहं जीवः परं ब्रह्मेत्यतद्व्यावृत्तिपूर्वकम् । वासनावेगतः प्राप्तस्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २८ ॥
Translation: Negate the superimpositions arising from latent tendencies by affirming 'I am not the individual soul but the Supreme Brahman.'
Sloka 281
श्रुत्या युक्त्या स्वानुभूत्या ज्ञात्वा सार्वात्म्यमात्मनः । क्वचिदाभासतः प्राप्तस्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २८१ ॥
Translation: Know the universality of the self through scripture, reasoning, and personal experience, and remove the delusion that appears at times.
Sloka 282
अनादानविसर्गाभ्यामीषन्नास्ति क्रिया मुनेः । तदेकनिष्ठया नित्यं स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २८२ ॥
Translation: A sage has no slightest activity concerning acceptance and rejection; thus, with singular focus, always remove your superimpositions.
Sloka 283
तत्त्वमस्यादिवाक्योत्थब्रह्मात्मैकत्वबोधतः । ब्रह्मण्यात्मत्वदार्ढ्याय स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २८३ ॥
Translation: By understanding the oneness of Brahman and self, as taught in "Tat Tvam Asi" and other mahāvākyas, remove superimpositions for firm establishment in the knowledge of Brahman.
Sloka 284
अहंभावस्य देहेऽस्मिन्निःशेषविलयावधि । सावधानेन युक्तात्मा स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २८४ ॥
Translation: Until the complete dissolution of the ego in this body, (O) disciplined soul, diligently remove false identifications.
Sloka 285
प्रतीतिर्जीवजगतोः स्वप्नवद्भाति यावता । तावन्निरन्तरं विद्वन्स्वाध्यासापनयं कुरु ॥ २८५ ॥
Translation: Until the perception of the individual and the world appears like a dream, continuously, O wise one, remove your false superimpositions.
Sloka 286
निद्राया लोकवार्तायाः शब्दादेरपि विस्मृतेः । क्वचिन्नावसरं दत्त्वा चिन्तयात्मानमात्मनि ॥ २८६ ॥
Translation: Without giving time to sleep, worldly news, and sounds, reflect upon yourself within.
Sloka 287
मातापित्रोर्मलोद्भूतं मलमांसमायां वपुः । त्यक्त्वा चाण्डालवद्दूरं ब्रह्मीभूय कृती भव ॥ २८७ ॥
Translation: Having abandoned the body born of impurities from parents like an outcast, become established in the divine state.
Sloka 288
घटाकाशं महाकाश इवात्मानं परात्मनि । विलाप्याखण्डभावेन तूष्णी भव सदा मुने ॥ २८८ ॥
Translation: Just as the pot-space merges with the great space, merge your self with the Supreme Self and remain silent, O sage.
Sloka 289
स्वप्रकाशमधिष्ठानं स्वयंभूय सदात्मना । ब्रह्माण्डमपि पिण्डाण्डं त्यज्यतां मलभाण्डवत् ॥ २८९ ॥
Translation: Attain self-established true nature, and discard both the universe and the body like a vessel of impurity.
Sloka 290
चिदात्मनि सदानन्दे देहारूढामहंधियम् । निवेश्य लिङ्गमुत्सृज्य केवलो भव सर्वदा ॥ २९ ॥
Translation: Abide constantly as the pure self by placing the ego, identified with the body, in the blissful consciousness and relinquishing the subtle body.
Sloka 291
यत्रैष जगदाभासो दर्पणान्तः पुरं यथा । तद्ब्रह्माहमिति ज्ञात्वा कृतकृत्यो भविष्यसि ॥ २९१ ॥
Translation: Realizing that I am Brahman, just as the world appears in a mirror, you will achieve fulfillment.
Sloka 292
यत्सत्यभूतं निजरूपमाद्यं चिदद्वयानन्दमरूपमक्रियम् । तदेत्य मिथ्यावपुरुत्सृजेत शैलूषवद्वेषमुपात्तमात्मनः ॥ २९२ ॥
Translation: One should attain the true, primordial, non-dual blissful self, devoid of form and action, and discard the false identity assumed, like an actor shedding a costume.