Sbg5.9
Sloka 5.9
Sloka (श्लोक)
प्रलपन्विसृजन्गृह्णन्नुन्मिषन्निमिषन्नपि। इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेषु वर्तन्त इति धारयन्।।5.9।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
प्रलपन्\n विसृजन्\n गृह्णन्\n उन्मिषन्\n निमिषन्\n अपि\n इन्द्रियाणि\n इन्द्रियार्थेषु\n वर्तन्ते\n इति\n धारयन्
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
pralapan visṛjan gṛhṇan unmiṣan nimiṣan api\n indriyāṇi indriyārtheṣu vartante iti dhārayan
Translation (अनुवाद)
The sage who is established in wisdom acknowledges that speaking, letting go, seizing, opening and closing the eyes are all actions of the senses that interact with their objects. He comprehends and maintains the realization that he, as the Self, remains a witness, uninvolved in these functions.
ज्ञान में स्थित साधक यह मानता है कि बोलना, छोड़ना, ग्रहण करना, आँखें खोलना और बंद करना सभी इंद्रियों के कार्य हैं जो अपने विषयों के साथ संपर्क रखते हैं। वह समझता है और इस अनुभूति को बनाए रखता है कि वह स्वयं रूप में इन कर्मों में लिप्त नहीं है।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| प्रलपन् | speaking | बोलते हुए |
| विसृजन् | letting go | छोड़ते हुए |
| गृह्णन् | seizing | पकड़ते हुए |
| उन्मिषन् | opening (the eyes) | आँखें खोलते हुए |
| निमिषन् | closing (the eyes) | आँखें बंद करते हुए |
| अपि | also | भी |
| इन्द्रियाणि | senses | इंद्रियाँ |
| इन्द्रियार्थेषु | amongst the sense objects | इंद्रिय विषयों में |
| वर्तन्त | exist, function | कार्य करती हैं |
| इति | thus | इस प्रकार |
| धारयन् | convinced | मानता है |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| साधक | मानता है | इन्द्रियाँ इन्द्रियविषयों में कार्यरत हैं | The sage understands that the senses function amongst sense objects | साधक समझता है कि इन्द्रियाँ इन्द्रियविषयों में कार्यरत रहती हैं |
| अज्ञानी | मानता है | वह शरीर के कर्मों का कर्ता है | The ignorant one believes he is the doer of bodily actions | अज्ञानी यह मानता है कि वह शरीर के कर्मों का कर्ता है |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method of realization
- Characteristics of the enlightened sage
- Detachment from actions
Commentary (टीका)
In this verse, the Bhagavad Gita describes the approach of a jñānī (ज्ञानी), a sage established in wisdom, towards ordinary actions of daily living. The key emphasis here is on the fact that the jñānī remains aware that sensory actions like speaking or opening and closing the eyes, which are ordinary functions of our body, are processes occurring within prakṛti (प्रकृति - nature). The sage recognizes these actions as functions of the senses operating amidst sense objects, understanding them as not involving the Self, which remains untouched by such interactions just like a witness (sākṣī साक्षी).
The commentary highlights the distinction between the ignorant and the knowledgeable: the ignorant person perceives themselves as the doer, entangled in the web of actions of the body and senses, while the enlightened one sees the body as inert and all actions as natural processes, not attributive of the Self. This realization arises from the knowledge that the true nature of the Self is beyond the activities of the body and mind, residing in a state of inner detachment, leading to freedom from bondage (bandhana बंधन) created by the sense of doership.
By grasping this teaching, an aspirant on the path can aim towards a state where even amidst actions, they understand their true nature as unchanging, unaffected, and one with the ultimate reality, Brahman. This sloka propounds a vital lesson in non-attachment to action, an essential concept for any practitioner aiming for spiritual liberation (mokṣa मोक्ष).