Sbg5.3
Sloka 5.3
Sloka (श्लोक)
ज्ञेयः स नित्यसंन्यासी यो न द्वेष्टि न काङ्क्षति। निर्द्वन्द्वो हि महाबाहो सुखं बन्धात्प्रमुच्यते।।5.3।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
ज्ञेयः सः नित्यसंन्यासी यः न द्वेष्टि न काङ्क्षति निर्द्वन्द्वः हि महाबाहो सुखं बन्धात् प्रमुच्यते
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
jñeyaḥ sa nityasaṃnyāsī yo na dveṣṭi na kāṅkṣati। nirdvandvo hi mahābāho sukhaṃ bandhāt pramucyate।।5.3।।
Translation (अनुवाद)
He is known as a perpetual ascetic, O mighty-armed, who does not hate nor desires; he who is free from the pairs of opposites, verily, easily becomes free from bondage.
वह व्यक्ति जिसे न द्वेष है, न ही आकांक्षा, और जो द्वन्द्वों से मुक्त है, महाबाहो! उसे नित्य संन्यासी समझा जाता है, और वह बड़े आराम से बन्धनों से मुक्त हो जाता है।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| ज्ञेयः | should be known | जानने योग्य |
| सः | he | वह |
| नित्यसंन्यासी | perpetual ascetic | नित्य संन्यासी |
| यः | who | जो |
| न | not | नहीं |
| द्वेष्टि | hates | द्वेष करता |
| न | not | नहीं |
| काङ्क्षति | desires | इच्छा करता |
| निर्द्वन्द्वः | free from dualities | द्वंद्वों से मुक्त |
| हि | verily | निश्चय ही |
| महाबाहो | O mighty-armed | हे महाबाहो |
| सुखं | easily | सरलता से |
| बन्धात् | from bondage | बन्धन से |
| प्रमुच्यते | is set free | मुक्त होता है |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| नित्यसंन्यासी (perpetual ascetic) | ज्ञेयः (is known) | निर्द्वन्द्वः (who is free from dualities) | The perpetual ascetic is known as one who is free from dualities | नित्य संन्यासी निर्द्वन्द्व ज्ञेयः है |
| महाबाहो (O mighty-armed) | प्रमुच्यते (is set free) | बन्धात् (from bondage) | O mighty-armed, is set free from bondage | हे महाबाहो, बन्धन से मुक्त होता है |
| जो मनुष्य (He who) | न (not) द्वेष्टि (hates), न (not) काङ्क्षति (desires) | संन्यासी (ascetic) | He who neither hates nor desires is an ascetic | जो मनुष्य न द्वेष करता है, न कामना करता है, वह संन्यासी है |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- nitya-saṃnyāsī (नित्यसंन्यासी)
- dveṣa (द्वेष)
- kāṅkṣā (काङ्क्षा)
- nirdvandva (निर्द्वन्द्व)
- bandha (बन्ध)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Asceticism in Karma Yoga
- Detachment from Desires and Aversion
- Overcoming Dualities
- Liberation from Bondage
Commentary (टीका)
In this sloka, Bhagavad Gita describes the true nature of a nityasaṃnyāsī (perpetual ascetic). He is not defined by external rituals or renunciation of worldly actions, but by his inner qualities. The sloka emphasizes not just the physical renunciation, but the mental state free from dveṣa (hatred) and kāṅkṣā (desire). This quality is characterized as being nirdvandva (free from dualities), which allows for liberation from the cycle of births and deaths, or bandha (bondage).
Swami Sivananda notes that external renunciation without internal detachment does not make a true saṃnyāsī. The true renunciant is he who has no rāga (attachment) or dveṣa (aversion), for he is indifferent to the vicissitudes of life, taking success and failure, pain and pleasure, equally. Hindi commentary by Swami Ramsukhdas echoes the importance of overcoming internal desires and aversions, stressing the significance of performing one's duty while remaining unattached to outcomes. Through this mental attitude, one becomes true nitya-saṃnyāsī, effectively harmonizing duty (karma) with spiritual insight (jnāna).
The underlying theme is that liberation, or the real purpose of life, is achieved not by running away from life’s duties, but by internalizing detachment, thus transcending external circumstances, which is the essence of Karma Yoga.