Sbg5.21
Sloka 5.21
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Sloka (श्लोक)
बाह्यस्पर्शेष्वसक्तात्मा विन्दत्यात्मनि यत्सुखम्। स ब्रह्मयोगयुक्तात्मा सुखमक्षयमश्नुते।।5.21।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
बाह्यस्पर्शेषु + असक्तात्मा + विन्दति + आत्मनि + यत् + सुखम्। सः + ब्रह्मयोगयुक्तात्मा + सुखम् + अक्षयम् + अश्नुते।
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
bāhyasparśeṣvasaktātmā vindatyātmani yatsukham। sa brahmayogayuktātmā sukhamakṣayam aśnute।।5.21।।
Translation (अनुवाद)
One who is unattached to external sensory contacts (bāhyasparśeṣu asaktātmā) experiences internal happiness (ātmani vindati yat sukham). This person, integrated in the yoga of Brahman (sa brahmayogayuktātmā), enjoys infinite bliss (sukham akṣayam aśnute).
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| बाह्यस्पर्शेषु (bāhyasparśeṣu) | in external sensory contacts | बाह्य इन्द्रिय संपर्कों में |
| असक्तात्मा (asaktātmā) | unattached | आसक्तिहीन मन वाला |
| विन्दति (vindati) | finds, experiences | पाता है, अनुभव करता है |
| आत्मनि (ātmani) | in the Self | आत्मा में |
| यत् (yat) | that which | जो |
| सुखम् (sukham) | happiness | सुख |
| सः (saḥ) | he | वह |
| ब्रह्मयोगयुक्तात्मा (brahmayogayuktātmā) | engaged in the meditation of Brahman | ब्रह्म ध्यान में लीन आत्मा |
| सुखम् (sukham) | happiness | सुख |
| अक्षयम् (akṣayam) | unending, endless | अविनाशी |
| अश्नुते (aśnute) | enjoys | प्राप्त करता है |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| असक्तात्मा (unattached self) | विन्दति (experiences) | आत्मनि यत्सुखम् (happiness in the Self) | The unattached self experiences happiness in the Self. | आसक्तिहीन आत्मा आत्मा में सुख अनुभव करता है। |
| ब्रह्मयोगयुक्तात्मा (one engaged in Brahman yoga) | अश्नुते (enjoys) | अक्षयम् सुखम् (endless happiness) | One engaged in Brahman yoga enjoys endless happiness. | ब्रह्मयोग में लीन आत्मा अविनाशी सुख का अनुभव करता है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- bāhyasparśa (बाह्यस्पर्श)
- asaktātmā (असक्तात्मा)
- brahmayoga (ब्रह्मयोग)
- akṣaya-sukha (अक्षय-सुख)
- ātman (आत्मन्)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching the benefits of detachment (वैराग्य के लाभ)
- Pathways to eternal happiness (अनन्त सुख की प्राप्ति)
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka emphasizes the importance of detachment from external sensory stimuli, termed as bāhyasparśa. The verse elucidates that true bliss is discovered within oneself (ātmani) when one remains unattached to these transient external contacts. The focus is on turning oneself inward and engaging deeply in the meditation of Brahman (ब्रह्म) through brahmayoga. This sadhana (spiritual practice) leads to endless or eternal happiness (akṣaya-sukha) which is beyond the temporary pleasures derived from the external world.
Swami Sivananda's commentary suggests that to achieve this imperishable bliss, one must withdraw their senses from external objects and engage in deep contemplation of the Self. Swami Ramsukhdas focuses on how the attachment to external elements obstructs one's experience of internal bliss and stresses the necessity of recognizing the unattainability of true happiness from mutable objects. The only way to enjoy true and infinite happiness is through detachment (virakti) and aligning with the eternal reality, which is the Self beyond ego and worldly identifiers.