Sbg5.1
Sloka 5.1
Sloka (श्लोक)
अर्जुन उवाच संन्यासं कर्मणां कृष्ण पुनर्योगं च शंससि। यच्छ्रेय एतयोरेकं तन्मे ब्रूहि सुनिश्चितम्।।5.1।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
अर्जुनः उवाच संन्यासम् कर्मणाम् कृष्ण पुनः योगम् च शंससि यत् श्रेयः एतयोः एकम् तत् मे ब्रूहि सुनिश्चितम्
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
arjuna uvāca saṃnyāsaṃ karmaṇāṃ kṛṣṇa punaryogaṃ ca śaṃsasi। yacchreya etayorekṃ tanme brūhi suniścitam।।5.1।।
Translation (अनुवाद)
Arjuna said: O Krishna, You praise renunciation of actions, and also Karma Yoga (the path of selfless work); please tell me conclusively which one of these is better for my spiritual welfare.
अर्जुन ने कहा: हे कृष्ण, आप एक ओर कर्मों के संन्यास की प्रशंसा करते हैं और दूसरी ओर कर्मयोग की भी प्रशंसा करते हैं। कृपया मुझे निश्चित रूप से बताएं कि इनमें से कौन सा मेरे आत्मिक कल्याण के लिए श्रेष्ठ है।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| अर्जुनः | Arjuna | अर्जुन |
| उवाच | said | ने कहा |
| संन्यासम् | renunciation | संन्यास |
| कर्मणाम् | of actions | कर्मों का |
| कृष्ण | O Krishna | हे कृष्ण |
| पुनः | again | फिर से |
| योगम् | yoga, path of selfless work | योग, कर्मयोग |
| च | and | और |
| शंससि | thou praisest | प्रशंसा करते हैं |
| यत् | which | जो |
| श्रेयः | better | श्रेष्ठ |
| एतयोः | of these two | इनमें से |
| एकम् | one | एक |
| तत् | that | वह |
| मे | to me | मुझे |
| ब्रूहि | tell | बताओ |
| सुनिश्चितम् | conclusively | निश्चित रूप से |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| अर्जुनः (Arjuna) | उवाच (said) | कृष्णम् (to Krishna) | Arjuna spoke to Krishna | अर्जुन ने कृष्ण से कहा |
| कृष्ण (Kṛṣṇa) | शंससि (praise) | संन्यासं कर्मणां पुनः योगं (renunciation of actions and again Karma Yoga) | Krishna praises renunciation of actions and Karma Yoga again | कृष्ण कर्मों के संन्यास और फिर से कर्मयोग की प्रशंसा करते हैं |
| अर्जुनः (Arjuna) | ब्रूहि (tell) | सुनिश्चितम् (conclusively) | Arjuna requests Krishna to tell conclusively | अर्जुन कृष्ण से निश्चित रूप से बताने के लिए कहते हैं |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Explaining differences between paths
- Inquiries about spiritual welfare
- Discussions of renunciation and action
Commentary (टीका)
In this verse, Arjuna presents a dilemma to Krishna. He expresses confusion over which path is better for spiritual growth—the renunciation of actions (saṃnyāsa) or Karma Yoga. Arjuna is seeking clarity because Krishna has previously spoken highly of both paths. Saṃnyāsa, or renunciation, involves giving up all worldly actions to pursue spiritual knowledge. It reflects a more detached lifestyle, aiming at self-realization through abstinence from action. On the other hand, Karma Yoga is the path of selfless action, where one performs duties without attachment to results, thus cultivating devotion and mercy.
From the Hindu philosophical perspective, this query is profound as it touches upon the core debate between action and renunciation in the pursuit of liberation. The question reflects an internal struggle common to many seekers—should one renounce worldly duties or continue engaging in selfless action while aiming for transcendence?
Krishna later responds to this inquiry by highlighting the superiority of Karma Yoga for most individuals, as it integrates living in the world with spiritual progress. By focusing on selfless action, one can still lead a life that is conducive to spiritual maturity without the complete abandonment of worldly responsibilities.