Sbg4.7
Sloka 4.7
Sloka (श्लोक)
यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिर्भवति भारत। अभ्युत्थानमधर्मस्य तदाऽऽत्मानं सृजाम्यहम्।।4.7।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
यदा यदा | हि | धर्मस्य | ग्लानि: | भवति | भारत | अभ्युत्थानम् | अधर्मस्य | तदा | आत्मानम् | सृजामि | अहम् |
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānirbhavati bhārata | abhyutthānamadharmasya tadā'tmānaṁ sṛjāmyaham ||4.7||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Whenever there is a decline in *dharma* (righteousness) and an increase in *adharma* (unrighteousness), O Bharata (Arjuna), I manifest Myself.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| यदा यदा | whenever | जब-जब |
| हि | indeed | निश्चित रूप से |
| धर्मस्य | of righteousness | धर्म का |
| ग्लानि: | decline | ह्रास |
| भवति | is | होता है |
| भारत | O Bharata (Arjuna) | हे भारत (अर्जुन) |
| अभ्युत्थानम् | rise | उत्थान |
| अधर्मस्य | of unrighteousness | अधर्म का |
| तदा | then | तब |
| आत्मानम् | Myself | स्वयं को |
| सृजामि | manifest | प्रकट करता हूँ |
| अहम् | I | मैं |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| अहम् (I) | सृजामि (manifest) | आत्मानम् (Myself) | I manifest Myself | मैं स्वयं को प्रकट करता हूँ |
| धर्मस्य ग्लानि: (decline of righteousness) | भवति (is) | तदा (then) | When there is a decline in righteousness | जब धर्म का ह्रास होता है |
| अधर्मस्य अभ्युत्थानम् (rise of unrighteousness) | भवति (is) | तदा (then) | When there is a rise in unrighteousness | जब अधर्म का उत्थान होता है |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Divine Manifestation (दिव्य प्रकट)
- Evaluation of righteousness and unrighteousness (धर्म और अधर्म का मूल्यांकन)
- Description of reasons for incarnation (अवतार के कारणों का वर्णन)
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka presents a key teaching on the divine intervention of the Lord in worldly affairs. As explained in both commentaries, dharma denotes righteousness and moral law, while adharma signifies unrighteousness, or that which goes against moral principles. According to Sri Krishna, whenever there is a substantial decline in dharma and a concurrent rise in adharma, He manifests Himself to restore balance.
Swami Sivananda describes dharma as that which sustains life and elevates a person towards moksha (salvation), while adharma drags a person down into ignorance and worldliness. Swami Ramsukhdas adds that the decline of dharma and rise of adharma manifests in societal imbalances, like oppression of the virtuous by the irreligious. Through the concept of avatāra (divine incarnation), the Lord intervenes to restore the righteous order, saving the good from destruction, and eradicating the roots of adharma. The sloka underscores the timeless divine role in upholding cosmic order and moral law in creation.