Sbg4.40
Sloka 4.40
Here is the structured Mediawiki response based on the provided sloka and its commentaries:
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Sloka (श्लोक)
अज्ञश्चाश्रद्दधानश्च संशयात्मा विनश्यति। नायं लोकोऽस्ति न परो न सुखं संशयात्मनः।।4.40।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
अज्ञः च अश्रद्दधानः च संशयात्मा विनश्यति। न अयम् लोकः अस्ति न परः न सुखं संशयात्मनः।
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
ajñaḥ ca aśraddadhānaḥ ca sanśayātmā vinaśyati। na ayam lokaḥ asti na paraḥ na sukhaṃ sanśayātmanaḥ।।4.40।।
Translation (अनुवाद)
The ignorant, the faithless, and the doubting self all go to ruin. There is neither this world nor the next, nor joy, for the doubting self.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| अज्ञः | ignorant | अज्ञानी |
| च | and | और |
| अश्रद्दधानः | faithless | अश्रद्धालु |
| च | and | और |
| संशयात्मा | doubting self | संशययुक्त पुरुष |
| विनश्यति | perishes | नष्ट होता है |
| न | not | नहीं |
| अयम् | this | यह |
| लोकः | world | लोक |
| अस्ति | exists | है |
| न | not | नहीं |
| परः | next (world) | परलोक |
| न | not | नहीं |
| सुखम् | happiness | सुख |
| संशयात्मनः | for the doubting self | संशययुक्त व्यक्ति के लिए |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| अज्ञः | विनश्यति | लोकः | The ignorant perishes in this world | अज्ञानी इस लोक में नष्ट होता है |
| संशयात्मा | विनश्यति | परः | The doubting self perishes to the next world | संशयी व्यक्ति परलोक में नष्ट होता है |
| अश्रद्दधानः | विनश्यति | सुखम् | The faithless ruins their happiness | अश्रद्धालु अपने सुख को नष्ट करते हैं |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Describing consequences of doubt and faithlessness
- Philosophical insights on self-knowledge and belief
- Teachings on spiritual ruin through ignorance
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka illustrates the severe consequences of living with doubt, lack of faith, and ignorance towards spiritual truths. Ajña or the ignorant individual lacks the knowledge of the Self and is unaware of higher truths, leading them towards ruin. Similarly, aśraddadhāna refers to the absence of faith, not just in religious practices but also in one's own inherent divinity or path. These elements combined with sanśayātmā, the state of doubt, hinder an individual from realizing happiness, both worldly and spiritual.
Swami Sivananda explains that these individuals, due to their inability to believe in themselves, the teachings of the scriptures, and the instructions of their Guru, cannot find peace or joy in any realm. Doubt leads to chronic indecision and blocks spiritual progress. Swami Ramsukhdas further elaborates that doubt arises from partial knowledge and that spiritual seekers are often plagued by it. However, those who do not seek to resolve these doubts stagnate or regree on their path.
Faith and resolve, according to the commentaries, hold a critical role in overcoming doubt. When a seeker strives to remove doubts by nurturing faith and seeking the truth, then only can they achieve progress. The nature of true seekers is characterized by continuous inquiry and conviction in their pursuit of knowledge, leading to the destruction of doubt by deeper awareness and understanding.
The thematic focus here lies in the call for cultivating true faith and commitment which allow one to break free from the destructive loop of skepticism and ignorance and progress spiritually.