Sbg4.19
Sloka 4.19
Sloka (श्लोक)
यस्य सर्वे समारम्भाः कामसङ्कल्पवर्जिताः। ज्ञानाग्निदग्धकर्माणं तमाहुः पण्डितं बुधाः।।4.19।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
- यस्य - सर्वे - समारम्भाः - कामसङ्कल्पवर्जिताः - ज्ञानाग्निदग्धकर्माणम् - तम् - आहुः - पण्डितम् - बुधाः
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
yasya sarve samārambhāḥ kāmasaṅkalpavarjitāḥ jñānāgnidagdhakarmāṇaṁ tamāhuḥ paṇḍitaṁ budhāḥ
Translation (अनुवाद)
Whose all undertakings are devoid of desires and purposes, whose actions have been burnt by the fire of knowledge - such a person is called a sage by the wise.
जिसके सभी प्रयास इच्छाओं और उद्देश्यों से रहित हैं, जिसके कर्म ज्ञान की अग्नि से भस्म हो गए हैं - ऐसे व्यक्ति को ज्ञानी पुरुष पंडित कहते हैं।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| यस्य | whose | जिसका |
| सर्वे | all | सभी |
| समारम्भाः | undertakings | प्रयास |
| कामसङ्कल्पवर्जिताः | devoid of desires and purposes | इच्छाओं और उद्देश्यों से रहित |
| ज्ञानाग्नि- | knowledge fire | ज्ञान की अग्नि |
| -दग्ध- | burnt by | द्वारा जले हुए |
| -कर्माणम् | actions | कर्म |
| तम् | him | उसे |
| आहुः | call | कहते हैं |
| पण्डितम् | wise person, sage | ज्ञानी, पंडित |
| बुधाः | wise ones | ज्ञानीजन |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| बुधाः (wise ones) | आहुः (call) | तम् (him) पण्डितम् (sage) | The wise call him a sage | ज्ञानीजन उसे पंडित कहते हैं |
| कर्माणम् (actions) | दग्ध (burnt) | ज्ञानाग्नि (by the fire of knowledge) | Actions are burnt by the fire of knowledge | कर्म ज्ञान की अग्नि से भस्म हो जाते हैं |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching the state of desirelessness
- Recognition of true wisdom
- Concept of liberated action
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka highlights an important teaching in the Bhagavad Gita about actions done without desire or selfish motives. A true wise person, according to the sloka, engages in all necessary actions without attachment to the results, having burnt their karma in the fire of knowledge, which refers to realizing the Self or attaining BrahmaJnana. BrahmaJnana symbolizes the awareness that dissolves the binding power of actions, liberating the individual from their consequences. The wise refer to such a liberated being as 'pandit', a sage who does not act out of personal desire but for the welfare of the world or to uphold dharma (righteous conduct). The Hindi commentary expands on this by explaining how such a state is akin to driving a motor on a downhill where the engine is off while the car moves forward effortlessly. This analogy reflects the state where actions occur, but desires do not motivate them, embodying true inner renunciation.