Sbg3.5
Sloka 3.5
Sloka (श्लोक)
न हि कश्चित्क्षणमपि जातु तिष्ठत्यकर्मकृत्। कार्यते ह्यवशः कर्म सर्वः प्रकृतिजैर्गुणैः।।3.5।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
न हि कश्चित् क्षणम् अपि जातु तिष्ठति अकर्मकृत। कार्यते हि अवशः कर्म सर्वः प्रकृतिजैः गुणैः।
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
na hi kaścit kṣaṇam api jātu tiṣṭhati akarmakṛt | kāryate hy avaśaḥ karma sarvaḥ prakṛtijair guṇaiḥ ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Indeed, no one ever remains literally inactive even for a moment; everyone is compelled to act helplessly by the qualities (guṇas) born of nature (prakṛti).
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| न | not | नहीं |
| हि | indeed | वास्तव में |
| कश्चित् | anyone | कोई भी |
| क्षणम् | moment | क्षण |
| अपि | even | भी |
| जातु | at all | कभी नहीं |
| तिष्ठति | remains | रहता है |
| अकर्मकृत | without performing action | बिना कार्य किए |
| कार्यते | is made to do | किया जाता है |
| हि | indeed | वास्तव में |
| अवशः | helpless | परवश |
| कर्म | action | कर्म |
| सर्वः | all | सभी |
| प्रकृतिजैः | born of nature | प्रकृति द्वारा उत्पन्न |
| गुणैः | by qualities | गुणों द्वारा |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| कोई भी (kaścit) | रहता है (tiṣṭhati) | बिना कर्म (akarmakṛt) | No one remains inactive | कोई भी बिना कर्म के नहीं रहता |
| सभी (sarvaḥ) | कर्म करते हैं (kāryate) | गुणों द्वारा (guṇaiḥ) | Everyone is compelled to act by nature's qualities | सभी प्रकृति के गुणों द्वारा कार्य करने के लिए बाध्य हैं |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching the inevitability of action
- Describing the influence of nature on beings
- Discussion on guṇas and their effects
Commentary (टीका)
In this sloka, the inevitability of action is emphasized. No one can remain without performing action even for a moment, as they are compelled by *prakṛtijaiḥ guṇaiḥ* (qualities born of nature). These qualities - *sattva*, *rajas*, and *tamas* - determine the nature of actions performed by any individual. Even those who are wise or seek liberation (mokṣa) are not free from actions resulting from these inherent qualities.
The significance is in realizing that while one may strive for inactivity or control, the guṇas will continue to influence actions. However, through knowledge and understanding of these guṇas, an individual can transcend their bindings and not be driven helplessly (avaśa) by them. The path towards transcendence involves recognizing oneself separate from the active qualities of *prakṛti* and aligning action towards higher virtues and ultimate liberation.