Sbg3.43
Sloka 3.43
Sloka (श्लोक)
एवं बुद्धेः परं बुद्ध्वा संस्तभ्यात्मानमात्मना। जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम्।।3.43।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
एवं बुद्धेः परं बुद्ध्वा संस्तभ्य आत्मानम् आत्मना जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम्
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
evaṁ buddheḥ paraṁ buddhvā saṁstabhya ātmanam ātmanā | jahi śhatruṁ mahā-bāho kāma-rūpaṁ durāsadam ||3.43||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Thus, knowing that which is superior to the intellect, restrain the self with the Self, O mighty-armed, and slay the enemy in the form of desire, which is difficult to conquer.
इस प्रकार, बुद्धि से भी श्रेष्ठ को जानकर, आत्मा द्वारा आत्मा को वश में कर, हे महाबाहु, उस कामरूप शत्रु को मार डाल जो दुरासद (कठिनाई से जीतने योग्य) है।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| एवं | thus | इस प्रकार |
| बुद्धेः | of the intellect | बुद्धि का |
| परं | superior | श्रेष्ठ |
| बुद्ध्वा | knowing | जानकर |
| संस्तभ्य | restrain | वश में कर |
| आत्मानम् | the self | आत्मा को |
| आत्मना | by the Self | आत्मा द्वारा |
| जहि | slay | मार |
| शत्रुं | enemy | शत्रु को |
| महाबाहो | O mighty-armed | हे महाबाहु |
| कामरूपं | in the form of desire | काम के रूप में |
| दुरासदम् | difficult to conquer | कठिनाई से जीतने योग्य |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| आत्मना (by the Self) | संस्तभ्य (restrain) | आत्मानम् (the self) | Restrain the self by the Self | आत्मा द्वारा आत्मा को वश में कर |
| बुद्ध्वा (having known) | जहि (slay) | शत्रुं कामरूपं (enemy in the form of desire) | Having known, slay the enemy in the form of desire | जानकर, कामरूप शत्रु को मार |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Control of Desire
- Restraining the Self
- Superior Knowledge
- Conquering Inner Enemies
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka highlights the importance of controlling desires which are difficult to conquer, by using higher knowledge and self-restraint. Atman (आत्मा), meaning the higher self, should use its superior understanding, exceeding even that of the intellect (buddhi बुद्धि), to manage and subdue the lower self. This act of restraining is essential because desires, symbolized as enemies, are relentless and challenging to overcome without understanding their true nature.
Both commentaries emphasize the difficulty yet necessity of subduing desires, which bring distractions and lead individuals away from true knowledge and self-realization. The metaphor of the warrior (mahā-bāhu महाबाहु) is used to inspire courage in confronting one's inner weaknesses. The concept that desires reside within the domain of the temporal and illusory body, sometimes mistaken as essential needs, underscores the scriptural warning that without recognizing and transcending this misidentification, conquering desires remains formidable.
The bhāgavad-gītā suggests persistence in spiritual disciplines such as **sādhana**, prayer, and **japa**, in seeking a balance of the Sattva **guna** over the disruptive influence of Rajas to facilitate overcoming desires. This inner battle against kāma (desire) is a recurrent theme, indicative of broader spiritual growth and self-mastery.