Sbg3.33
Sloka 3.33
Sloka (श्लोक)
सदृशं चेष्टते स्वस्याः प्रकृतेर्ज्ञानवानपि। प्रकृतिं यान्ति भूतानि निग्रहः किं करिष्यति।।3.33।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
सदृशं चेष्टते स्वस्याः प्रकृतेः ज्ञानवान् अपि प्रकृतिम् यान्ति भूतानि निग्रहः किं करिष्यति
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
sadṛśaṁ ceṣṭate svasyaḥ prakṛter jñānavān api | prakṛtiṁ yānti bhūtāni nigrahaḥ kiṁ kariṣyati || 3.33 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Even a wise person acts according to their own nature. Beings follow their nature. What will restraint do?
ज्ञानवान भी अपनी प्रकृति के अनुसार आचरण करता है। सभी जीव अपनी प्रकृति का अनुसरण करते हैं। अंकुश (संयम) क्या कर सकता है?
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| सदृशम् | in accordance | अनुरूप |
| चेष्टते | acts | कार्य करता है |
| स्वस्याः | of his own | अपने |
| प्रकृतेः | of nature | प्रकृति की |
| ज्ञानवान् | wise person | ज्ञानी व्यक्ति |
| अपि | even | भी |
| प्रकृतिम् | to nature | प्रकृति को |
| यान्ति | follow | अनुसरण करते हैं |
| भूतानि | beings | प्राणियों का |
| निग्रहः | restraint | अंकुश / नियंत्रण |
| किं | what | क्या |
| करिष्यति | will do | करेगा |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ज्ञानवान् | चेष्टते | प्रकृतेः अनुरूप | A wise person acts according to nature | ज्ञानी व्यक्ति प्रकृति के अनुरूप कार्य करता है |
| भूतानि | यान्ति | प्रकृतिम् | Beings follow nature | सभी प्राणी प्रकृति का अनुसरण करते हैं |
| निग्रहः | करिष्यति | किं | Restraint, what will it do? | अंकुश, क्या करेगा? |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching the inevitability of nature's role
- Exploring limitations of restraint and control
- Insight into inherent characteristics of beings
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka speaks to the notion that even wise and knowledgeable individuals act according to their innate nature, or *prakṛti*. It highlights an unavoidable truth that beings follow their inherent nature and questions the effectiveness of restraint, or *nigraha*, in altering this intrinsic tendency.
In Swami Sivananda's English commentary, it is indicated that while it seems that personal effort may appear futile, it is indeed possible to transcend nature by rising above desires (*rāga*) and aversions (*dveṣa*). However, the adherence to one's nature is strong, and only through intense practice and control, particularly by employing discernment, can one hope to have any significant control over the impulses driven by nature.
Swami Ramsukhdas in his Hindi commentary elaborates on the idea that actions arise from natural inclinations, which are driven by *rāga* (attachment) and *dveṣa* (aversion). These inclinations can be pure or impure, depending on whether they are unaffected or affected by attachment or aversion. Through sustained practice of detachment and adherence to righteous principles, one can aim to purify one's nature and act in accordance with elevated moral standards. Thus, while nature exerts a significant influence, the purification of nature through prescribed spiritual practices becomes an avenue for transcendence.