Sbg3.1

Sloka 3.1

Certainly! Let's break down and analyze the given sloka along with its commentaries in detail.

1. 1. 1. Sloka (श्लोक)

1. 1. 1. 1. Moola (मूल श्लोकः)

अर्जुन उवाच ज्यायसी चेत्कर्मणस्ते मता बुद्धिर्जनार्दन। तत्किं कर्मणि घोरे मां नियोजयसि केशव।।3.1।।

1. 1. 1. Padaccheda (पदच्छेद)

1. अर्जुन: उवाच 2. ज्यायसी 3. चेत् 4. कर्मणः 5. ते 6. मता 7. बुद्धिः 8. जनार्दन 9. तत् 10. किम् 11. कर्मणि 12. घोरे 13. माम् 14. नियोजयसि 15. केशव

1. 1. 1. Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)

Arjuna uvāca jyāyasī cet karmaṇas te matā buddhiḥ janārdana, tat kim karmaṇi ghore māṁ niyojayasi keśava.

1. 1. 1. Translation (अनुवाद)

• • English:**

Arjuna said: If you consider knowledge superior to action, O Janardana (Kṛṣṇa), then why do you engage me in this terrible action, O Keśava?

• • Hindi:**

अर्जुन ने कहा: यदि आप ज्ञान को कर्म से श्रेष्ठ मानते हैं, हे जनार्दन (कृष्ण), तो फिर मुझे इस भयंकर कार्य में क्यों लगा रहे हैं, हे केशव?

1. 1. 1. Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)

| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) | |--------------------|------------------------|----------------------------| | अर्जुन: | Arjuna | अर्जुन | | उवाच | said | ने कहा | | ज्यायसी | superior | श्रेष्ठ | | चेत् | if | यदि | | कर्मणः | than action | कर्म से | | ते | by you | आपके द्वारा | | मता | considered | मानी गई | | बुद्धिः | knowledge | ज्ञान | | जनार्दन | O Janardana | हे जनार्दन | | तत् | then | तब | | किम् | why | क्यों | | कर्मणि | in action | कर्म में | | घोरे | terrible | भयंकर | | माम् | me | मुझे | | नियोजयसि | engage | लगा रहे हैं | | केशव | O Keśava | हे केशव |

1. 1. 1. कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples

| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation | |-----------------------|-----------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| | अर्जुन | उवाच | -- | Arjuna said | अर्जुन ने कहा | | आप (केशव) | नियोजयसि | माम् (me) घोरे कर्मणि (terrible action) | You engage me in terrible action | आप मुझे भयंकर कर्म में लगा रहे हैं |

1. 1. 1. Important Concepts (महत्त्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

• janārdana (जनार्दन)
• keśava (केशव)
• jyāyasī-buddhi (ज्यायसी बुद्धिः)
• karma-ghora (कर्म घोर)

1. 1. 1. Categories (वर्गीकरण)

• Questioning (प्रश्न करना)
• Comparison of knowledge and action (ज्ञान और कर्म की तुलना)
• Confusion in Duty (कर्तव्य में भ्रम)

1. 1. 1. Commentary (टीका)

• • English Commentary By Swami Sivananda:**

Arjuna questions Krishna on the seeming contradiction between his advocacy for wisdom (jñāna) and his urging to engage in action (karma). He points out that if Krishna holds wisdom superior to action, the rationale behind engaging him in the dreadful duty of warfare seems perplexing. This reflects Arjuna's inner conflict between performing duties and seeking higher knowledge, echoing past teachings where Krishna emphasized Buddhi Yoga.

• • Hindi Commentary By Swami Ramsukhdas:**

Here, Arjuna is expressing his puzzle, similar to how someone wonders why they are asked to act contrary to what seems wiser or more aligned with their convictions. Arjuna recognizes that if knowledge is superior to action, engaging in intense actions, like warfare, feels contradictory. This dialogue introduces the common human state of seeking affirmation from a guide yet focusing also on one's own beliefs. While discussing various yogic practices like Buddhi Yoga, Arjuna is led to question the path of knowledge versus the call to act, illustrating his struggle with adhering to one's prescribed duties amidst conflicting values.