Sbg2.63
Sloka 2.63
Sloka (श्लोक)
क्रोधाद्भवति संमोहः संमोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रमः। स्मृतिभ्रंशाद् बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात्प्रणश्यति।।2.63।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
क्रोधात् + भवति + संमोहः संमोहात् + स्मृतिविभ्रमः स्मृतिविभ्रंशात् + बुद्धिनाशः बुद्धिनाशात् + प्रणश्यति
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
krodhād bhavati saṁmohaḥ saṁmohāt smṛtivibhraḥmaḥ smṛtibhraṁśād buddhināśo buddhināśāt praṇaśyati
Translation (अनुवाद)
From anger arises delusion (saṁmohaḥ). From delusion comes the loss of memory (smṛtivibhraṁaḥ). When memory is lost, intelligence/awareness is destroyed (buddhināśaḥ), and when intelligence is lost, one perishes (praṇaśyati).
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| क्रोधात् (krodhāt) | from anger | क्रोध से |
| भवति (bhavati) | arises | उत्पन्न होता है |
| संमोहः (saṁmohaḥ) | delusion | मोहितता |
| संमोहात् (saṁmohāt) | from delusion | मोह से |
| स्मृतिविभ्रमः (smṛtivibhraṁaḥ) | loss of memory | स्मृति का भ्रम |
| स्मृतिभ्रंशात् (smṛtibhraṁśāt) | from loss of memory | स्मृति लोप से |
| बुद्धिनाशः (buddhināśaḥ) | destruction of intelligence | बुद्धि का नाश |
| बुद्धिनाशात् (buddhināśāt) | from destruction of intelligence | बुद्धि के विनाश से |
| प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) | perishes | नष्ट हो जाता है |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| क्रोध (anger) | भवति (arises) | संमोह (delusion) | Anger arises delusion. | क्रोध से मोहितता उत्पन्न होती है। |
| संमोह (delusion) | भवति (leads to) | स्मृतिविभ्रम (loss of memory) | Delusion leads to loss of memory. | मोह से स्मृति भ्रम हो जाता है। |
| स्मृतिविभ्रम (loss of memory) | भवति (causes) | बुद्धिनाश (destruction of intelligence) | Loss of memory causes destruction of intelligence. | स्मृति भ्रम से बुद्धि का नाश होता है। |
| बुद्धिनाश (destruction of intelligence) | परिणत (results in) | प्रणाश (annihilation) | Destruction of intelligence results in annihilation. | बुद्धि विनाश से नाश हो जाता है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Psychological process (मानसिक प्रक्रिया)
- Effects of emotions (भावनाओं के प्रभाव)
- Destruction pathway (विनाश का मार्ग)
Commentary (टीका)
The sloka 2.63 of the *Bhagavad Gita* explains the negative cycle initiated by emotions beginning with anger. **Swami Sivananda** lays bare this process where anger (**krodha**) gives rise to delusion (**saṁmoha**), indicating a state where rational judgment is overshadowed. The compromised judgment leads to loss of memory (**smṛtivibhraṁa**), further hampering decision-making capabilities. This aligns with **Swami Ramsukhdas's** explanation emphasizing how such emotional derailment obliterates awareness (**buddhināśa**), and the eventual loss is profound enough to lead to one's downfall (**praṇaśyati**).
In Hindi commentary, **Swami Ramsukhdas** delves into underlying causes, focusing on the sequence that begins from attachment (*āsakti*), which matures into desire (**kāma**), and the unfulfilled desire spurs anger. This anger spawns delusion, evident in irrational behavior and speech, even towards loved ones, thus marking a decline in moral sensibility.
Moreover, the commentary highlights the role of rajas and tamas (gunas or qualities of nature), indicating how different gunas interact negatively, making anger a particularly destructive force as it facilitates ultimate moral decay.
This illustrates the importance of maintaining self-control and regular contemplation on higher ideals to avoid such detrimental cycles and to persist on a path toward *moksha* or liberation.