Sbg2.33
Sloka 2.33
Sloka (श्लोक)
अथ चैत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि। ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।2.33।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
अथ च | यदि त्वम् | इमं | धर्म्यम् | संग्रामम् | न करिष्यसि | ततः | स्वधर्मं | कीर्तिम् | च | हित्वा | पापम् | अवाप्स्यसि
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
atha ca | yadi tvam | imam | dharmyam | saṁgrāmam | na kariṣyasi | tataḥ | svadharmam | kīrtim | ca | hitvā | pāpam | avāpsyasi
Translation (अनुवाद)
But if you do not engage in this righteous battle, then having abandoned your own duty and honor, you shall incur sin.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| अथ च | but if | परंतु यदि |
| त्वम् | you (thou) | तुम |
| इमम् | this | इस |
| धर्म्यम् | righteous (duty-bound) | धर्मयुक्त |
| संग्रामम् | battle (warfare) | युद्ध |
| न करिष्यसि | do not engage (will not do) | नहीं करोगे |
| ततः | then | तब |
| स्वधर्मम् | own duty | स्वधर्म |
| कीर्तिम् | honor (fame) | कीर्ति |
| च | and | और |
| हित्वा | having abandoned | छोड़कर |
| पापम् | sin | पाप |
| अवाप्स्यसि | will incur (shall gain) | पाओगे |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| त्वम् (You) | न करिष्यसि (will not engage) | इमं धर्म्यम् संग्रामम् (in this righteous battle) | You will not engage in this righteous battle. | तुम इस धर्म युद्ध में सम्मिलित नहीं होओगे। |
| त्वम् (You) | हित्वा (abandoning) | स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च (own duty and honor) | You abandon your own duty and honor. | तुम अपने धर्म और कीर्ति को छोड़ देते हो। |
| त्वम् (You) | अवाप्स्यसि (will incur) | पापम् (sin) | You will incur sin. | तुम पाप का भागी बनोगे। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method (of righteous duty)
- Consequences of actions
- Duty and Honor
Commentary (टीका)
In this verse, the Lord emphasizes the importance of performing one's 'svadharma' (duty) through the example of Arjuna. The text illustrates that failing to take part in a 'dharmya saṁgrāma' (righteous battle) could lead not only to the loss of 'kīrti' (honor) but also to the accrual of 'pāpam' (sin). This profound insight teaches that duty, particularly 'svadharma,' is of utmost importance in life. Ignoring one's responsibility, especially when it is a call of duty rooted in righteousness, is considered sinful and dishonorable. The verse urges introspection about the ramifications of shirking duty, which go beyond personal loss and extend to ethical and moral consequences.
Arjuna, who has earned fame in past endeavors, especially through conquests and recognition by divine beings like Lord Śiva, would forsake such honor and accumulate sin by abstaining from this duty-bound battle. This articulation of duty underscores a thematic emphasis on adhering to one's moral obligations and virtues as prescribed within the framework of the Dharmic principles. The concept also conveys the perennial conflict between self-interest and righteous obligation, urging individuals to choose the path of righteousness and duty even in challenging circumstances.