Sbg2.17
Sloka 2.17
- संस्कृत श्लोक (Sloka):
अविनाशि तु तद्विद्धि येन सर्वमिदं ततम्। विनाशमव्ययस्यास्य न कश्चित् कर्तुमर्हति।।2.17।।
- पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
- अविनाशि - तु - तत् - विद्धि - येन - सर्वम् - इदम् - ततम् - विनाशम् - अव्ययस्य - अस्य - न - कश्चित् - कर्तुम् - अर्हति
- Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
avināśi tu tad viddhi yena sarvam idaṁ tatam। vināśam avyayasya asya na kaścit kartum arhati।। 2.17।।
- Translation (अनुवाद)
Know that alone to be imperishable by which all this is pervaded. None can cause the destruction of that, which is immutable.
- Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| अविनाशि | indestructible | अविनाशी |
| तु | indeed | वास्तव में |
| तत् | that | वह |
| विद्धि | know (you) | जान |
| येन | by which | जिससे |
| सर्वम् | all | सब |
| इदम् | this | यह |
| ततम् | is pervaded | व्याप्त है |
| विनाशम् | destruction | विनाश |
| अव्ययस्य | of the imperishable | अव्यय का |
| अस्य | of this | इस |
| न | not | नहीं |
| कश्चित् | anyone | कोई भी |
| कर्तुम् | to cause | करने में |
| अर्हति | is able | सक्षम |
- कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| तत्त्वम् | व्याप्त है | सर्वम् | The reality pervades all | तत्त्व सब में व्याप्त है |
| कोई | नहीं है | विनाश-करने में सक्षम | No one can destroy | कोई विनाश नहीं कर सकता |
- Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching about the indestructible nature of reality.
- Explaining the concept of Brahman.
- Introducing the idea of pervasiveness in Vedanta.
- Commentary (टीका)
In this sloka, Bhagavad Gita presents a teaching on the imperishable nature of the Self or Brahman. The sloka emphasizes that Brahman is pervasive and indestructible, likened to the space that pervades all objects. Just like the space remains unchanged no matter what happens to the objects it encompasses, the Atman or Self remains unaffected by the destruction of the physical body or other worldly entities.
Swami Sivananda highlights this by explaining that Brahman, like the omnipresent ether, cannot be diminished nor destroyed despite the destruction of the form it resides in. Swami Ramsukhdas in the Hindi commentary interprets the verse by emphasizing the differentiation of the indestructible reality from the perceivable world, aligning with Advaita Vedanta that highlights non-dualism—where Brahman alone is real, and the world is an illusion (Maya).
Thus, the core theme emphasizes the imperishable nature of the self that transcends the temporary and apparent destruction of the physical world. This teaching helps to cultivate detachment from the mortal world and encourages understanding of the immortal essence within.