Katha:1.2.20
Mantra 1.2.20
Original Text:
अणोरणीयान्महतो महीयानात्मास्य जन्तोर्निहितो गुहायां । तमक्रतुः पश्यति वीतशोको धातुः प्रसादान्महिमानमात्मनः ॥ २० ॥
aṇoraṇīyānmahato mahīyānātmāsya jantornihito guhāyāṃ | tamakratuḥ paśyati vītaśoko dhātuḥ prasādānmahimānamātmanaḥ || 20 ||
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Word or Meaning | Comments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| अणोः | aṇoḥ | अति सूक्ष्म वस्तु से | than the extremely subtle entity | अणीयान् | aṇīyān | उससे भी अधिक सूक्ष्म | subtler than that | महतः | mahataḥ | महान वस्तु से | than the great entity | महीयान् | mahīyān | उससे भी अधिक महान | greater than that | आत्मा | ātmā | चेतना का स्वरूप | essential Self, consciousness principle | अस्य | asya | इस (जीव) का | of this (being) | जन्तोः | jantoḥ | प्राणी का | of the living being | निहितः | nihitaḥ | स्थित है | is situated, reposes | गुहायाम् | guhāyām | हृदय की गुफा में | in the cave (of the heart) | तम् | tam | उस (आत्मा) को | that (Self) | अक्रतुः | akratuḥ | जिसकी इच्छा समाप्त हो गई है | one free from desire | पश्यति | paśyati | देखता है | sees, realizes | वीतशोकः | vītaśokaḥ | शोक से रहित | free from sorrow | धातुः | dhātuḥ | इन्द्रियों का | of the senses (supporting elements) | प्रसादात् | prasādāt | शुद्धि या शांत अवस्था से | by the serenity (purity/tranquility) | महिमानम् | mahimānam | महिमा (गौरव) | glory (greatness) | आत्मनः | ātmanaḥ | आत्मा की | of the Self |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi: सूक्ष्म से भी अधिक सूक्ष्म, महान से भी अधिक महान, वह आत्मा प्रत्येक जीव के हृदय की गुफा में स्थित है। जिसकी इच्छाएँ शांत हो गई हैं, जो शोक से रहित है, और जिसकी इन्द्रियाँ तथा मन निर्मल हो गए हैं, वह व्यक्ति आत्मा की महिमा को देखता है और शोक से मुक्त हो जाता है।
English: Subtler than the most subtle, greater than the greatest, the ātman resides in the cave of the heart of every living being. The one who is free from desire (akratuḥ), whose mind and senses (dhātuḥ) have attained tranquility (prasāda), and who is devoid of sorrow (vītaśokaḥ), directly realizes the glory (mahimāna) of the ātman and becomes liberated from grief.
Commentary
How then does one know the ātman is explained? Subtler than the subtle, i.e., subtler than grain, etc.; greater than the great, i.e., greater than things of great dimensions, such as the earth (whatever thing is in the world, that is known to exist only by virtue of the eternal ātman; divorced from the ātman it becomes a non-entity; therefore, this ātman alone is subtler than the subtle and greater than the great, because all names, forms and actions are only conditions imposed upon it). This ātman is seated, as the ātman, in the heart of every living creature, from Brahmā down to the worm. That ātman to whose realization, hearing, thought and meditation are indicated as aids; one free from desire, i.e., one whose intelligence has been diverted from all external objects, either of this world or of the world to come (when he is so,—the mind and the senses which are called dhātuḥ—because they support the body, become composed); sees, i.e., directly realizes, in the form ‘I am he’, the glory of the ātman, devoid of increase or diminution due to karma; and, therefore, he becomes absolved from grief.