Katha:1.1.8
Mantra 1.1.8
Original Text:
आशाप्रतीक्शे संगतँ सूनृतां चेष्टापूर्ते पुत्रपशूँश्च सर्वान् । एतद्वृङ्क्ते पुरुषस्याल्पमेधसो यस्यानश्नन्वसति ब्राह्मणो गृहे ॥ ८ ॥
āśāpratīkśe saṃgatam̐ sūnṛtāṃ ceṣṭāpūrte putrapaśūm̐śca sarvān । etadvṛṅkte puruṣasyālpamedhaso yasyānaśnanvasati brāhmaṇo gṛhe ॥ 8 ॥
| Sanskrit Term | Transliteration | Hindi Meaning | English Word or Meaning | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| आशा | āśā | इच्छा – किसी वस्तु की प्राप्ति की आकांक्षा | hope – desire for attainment of something not yet possessed | |
| प्रतीक्षा | pratīkṣā | प्रतीक्षा – निश्चित वस्तु की प्राप्ति की प्रतीक्षा | expectation – anticipation of something definite and attainable | |
| संगतम् | saṅgatam | सत्संग – श्रेष्ठ पुरुषों का साथ | company with good people – association with virtuous persons | |
| सूनृताम् | sūnṛtām | मधुर वाणी – सत्य और प्रिय वचन | true and pleasant discourse – truthful and agreeable speech | |
| चेष्टा | iṣṭā | यज्ञ – धार्मिक अनुष्ठान के फल | sacrifices – results of ritual offerings | |
| पूर्ते | pūrte | दान – धर्मार्थ कार्यों के फल | acts of pious liberality – results of charitable acts (like building wells, gardens) | |
| पुत्रपशून् | putrapaśūn | संतान और पशु – संतान और संपत्ति | children and cattle – progeny and wealth in the form of livestock | |
| सर्वान् | sarvān | सभी – उपर्युक्त सभी वस्तुएँ | all – all the aforementioned | |
| एतत् | etat | यह – उपर्युक्त सब | this – all these | |
| वृङ्क्ते | vṛṅkte | नष्ट कर देता है – छीन लेता है | destroys – takes away, deprives | |
| पुरुषस्य | puruṣasya | मनुष्य का – गृहस्वामी का | of the man – of the householder | |
| अल्पमेधसः | alpamedhasaḥ | अल्प बुद्धि वाले – कम विवेक वाले | of little intelligence – lacking discrimination or wisdom | |
| यस्य | yasya | जिसके – जिस व्यक्ति का | whose – of whom | |
| अनश्नन् | anaśnan | उपवास करता हुआ – बिना भोजन किए | fasting – not having eaten | |
| वसति | vasati | निवास करता है – ठहरता है | stays – dwells, abides | |
| ब्राह्मणः | brāhmaṇaḥ | ब्राह्मण अतिथि – वेदज्ञ अतिथि | Brāhmaṇa guest – a guest who is a knower of the Veda | |
| गृहे | gṛhe | घर में – गृह में | in the house – in the home |
Translation/Explanation
Hindi: जिस गृहस्वामी के घर में, उपवास करता हुआ ब्राह्मण अतिथि ठहरता है, उस अल्पबुद्धि व्यक्ति की आशा, प्रतीक्षा, सत्संग, मधुर वाणी, यज्ञ, दान, संतान और पशु आदि सभी वस्तुएँ नष्ट हो जाती हैं। अर्थात्, अतिथि का कभी भी तिरस्कार नहीं करना चाहिए।
English: For the householder of little intelligence, in whose home a Brāhmaṇa guest (brāhmaṇa) stays fasting (anaśnan), all his hope (āśā), expectation (pratīkṣā), company with good people (saṅgatam), true and pleasant discourse (sūnṛtām), sacrifices (iṣṭā), acts of pious liberality (pūrte), children and cattle (putrapaśūn)—all these are destroyed. Thus, a guest should never be neglected under any circumstances.
Commentary
Hope, i.e., desire for something not definitely known but attainable. Expectation, anticipation of something definite and attainable. Company with good people, i.e., the fruit resulting from association with virtuous persons. True and pleasant discourse, i.e., the fruit of truthful and agreeable speech. Iṣṭa, i.e., the fruit of a sacrifice. Pūrta, i.e., the fruit resulting from charitable acts such as the laying out of a garden, etc. Putrapaśūn, i.e., children and cattle. All this is destroyed for the person of little intelligence in whose house a Brāhmaṇa, fasting, stays. The meaning is that a guest is, therefore, under no circumstances to be neglected.
Concept List
āśā
pratīkṣā
saṅgatam
sūnṛtā
iṣṭā
pūrta
putrapaśūn
alpamedhas
brāhmaṇa
atithi