Sloka 4
Sloka 4
Sloka (श्लोक)
लब्ध्वा कथंचिन्नरजन्म दुर्लभं तत्रापि पुंस्त्वं श्रुतिपारदर्शनम् । यस्त्वात्ममुक्तौ न यतेत मूढधीः स ह्यात्महा स्वं विनिहन्त्यसद्ग्रहात् ॥ ४ ॥
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
लब्ध्वा\ कथंचित्\ नरजन्म\ दुर्लभम्\ तत्र\ अपि\ पुंस्त्वम्\ श्रुतिपारदर्शनम्\ यः\ तु\ आत्म-मुक्तौ\ न\ यतेत\ मूढधीः\ सः\ हि\ आत्महा\ स्वम्\ विनिहन्ति\ असद्ग्रहात्
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
labdhvā kathaṁcin narajanma durlabham\ tatrāpi puṁstvaṁ śruti-pāra-darśanam |\ yastvātma-muktau na yateta mūḍha-dhīḥ\ sa hyātmahā svaṁ vinihanty asadgrahāt || 4 ||
Translation (अनुवाद)
Having somehow obtained the rare human birth, manhood, and the ability to discern the essence of the scriptures, if one does not strive for self-liberation, being deluded, one destroys oneself by holding onto the unreal.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) | having obtained | प्राप्त करके |
| कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) | somehow | किसी प्रकार |
| नरजन्म (narajanma) | human birth | मनुष्य जन्म |
| दुर्लभम् (durlabham) | rare | दुर्लभ |
| तत्र (tatra) | there | वहाँ |
| अपि (api) | even | भी |
| पुंस्त्वम् (puṁstvaṁ) | manhood | पुरुषत्व |
| श्रुति-पार-दर्शनम् (śruti-pāra-darśanam) | ability to understand the essence of the scriptures | श्रुतियों के पार का दर्शन |
| यः (yaḥ) | who | जो |
| तु (tu) | indeed | वास्तव में |
| आत्म-मुक्तौ (ātma-muktau) | for self-liberation | आत्म-मुक्ति के लिए |
| न (na) | not | नहीं |
| यतेत (yateta) | strive | प्रयास करे |
| मूढधीः (mūḍha-dhīḥ) | deluded mind | मूढ़ बुद्धि |
| सः (saḥ) | he | वह |
| हि (hi) | indeed | निश्चय ही |
| आत्महा (ātmahā) | self-destroyer | आत्मघाती |
| स्वम् (svam) | oneself | स्वयं को |
| विनिहन्ति (vinihanti) | destroys | नष्ट करता है |
| असद्ग्रहात् (asadgrahāt) | by holding onto the unreal | असत्य ग्रहण के कारण |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| यः | न यतेत | आत्म-मुक्तौ | He who does not strive for self-liberation | जो आत्म-मुक्ति के लिए प्रयास नहीं करता |
| सः | विनिहन्ति | स्वम् | He destroys himself | वह स्वयं को नष्ट करता है |
| मूढधीः | विनिहन्ति | स्वम् | The deluded destroys himself | मूढ़ बुद्धि स्वयं को नष्ट करती है |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Self-realization
- Human Birth Rarity
- Spiritual Ignorance
Commentary (टीका)
This verse vividly expresses the preciousness and rarity of human birth, manhood, and intellectual discernment of the *śrutis* (scriptures). It serves as a reminder of the unique opportunity that life presents for attaining *ātma-mukti* (self-liberation). The use of terms such as *ātmahā* (self-destroyer) highlights the severity of not utilizing this chance due to ignorance or adherence to unreal pursuits. The verse stresses the importance of spiritual pursuit over mundane, non-essential attachments, urging one to strive for liberation and not squander the human potential.