Katha:1.2.24

Mantra 1.2.24

Original Text:

नाविरतो दुश्चरितान्नाशान्तो नासमाहितः ।
	नाशान्तमानसो वापि प्रज्ञानेनैनमाप्नुयात् ॥ २४ ॥

nāvirato duścaritānnāśānto nāsamāhitaḥ |
	nāśāntamānaso vāpi prajñānenainamāpnuyāt || 24 ||

Word-by-Word Breakdown

Sanskrit Term	Transliteration	Hindi Meaning	English Word or Meaning	Comments
नाविरतः	nā-virataḥ	जिसने बुरे आचरण से विराम नहीं लिया	one who has not withdrawn from evil conduct		दुश्चरितात्	duścaritāt	बुरे कर्मों से	from bad actions		न	na	नहीं	not		अशान्तः	aśāntaḥ	जिसकी इन्द्रियाँ शांत नहीं हैं	one whose senses are not tranquil		न	na	नहीं	not		असमाहितः	asamāhitaḥ	जिसका मन एकाग्र नहीं है	one whose mind is not concentrated		न	na	नहीं	not		अशान्त-मानसः	aśānta-mānasaḥ	जिसका चित्त शांत नहीं है	one whose mind is not at peace		वा अपि	vā api	या भी	or even		प्रज्ञानेन	prajñānena	केवल ज्ञान के द्वारा	by knowledge alone		एनम्	enam	इस आत्मा को	this ātman		आप्नुयात्	āpnuyāt	प्राप्त कर सकता है	can attain

Translation/Explanation

Hindi: जो व्यक्ति बुरे आचरण से निवृत्त नहीं हुआ है, जिसकी इन्द्रियाँ शांत नहीं हैं, जिसका मन एकाग्र नहीं है, या जिसका चित्त शांत नहीं है, वह केवल ज्ञान के माध्यम से इस आत्मा को प्राप्त नहीं कर सकता।

English: One who has not withdrawn from duṣcarita, whose senses are not śānta, whose mind is not samāhita, or whose mind is not śānta-mānasa, cannot attain this ātman merely through prajñāna (knowledge).

Commentary

Yet something more: who has not turned away from duṣcarita, i.e., from sinful acts prohibited and not permitted by the śruti and the smṛti, who has no śānti from the activity of the senses, whose mind is not samāhita, i.e., whose mind is diverted off and on; whose mind is not śānta-mānasa, i.e., whose mind, though collected, is engaged in looking forward to the fruits of being so collected, cannot attain the ātman now treated of, but only by means of the knowledge of Brahman; the meaning is that he alone who has turned away from duṣcarita, who is free from the activity of the senses, whose mind is samāhita, and whose mind is śānta-mānasa, even in respect of the fruits of its being so collected, taught by a preceptor, attains the ātman above described by knowing him.

Concept List

duṣcarita
śānti
samāhita
śānta-mānasa
prajñāna
ātman
śruti
smṛti
Brahman
preceptor