Sbg5.28
Sloka 5.28
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Sloka (श्लोक)
यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिर्मुनिर्मोक्षपरायणः। विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधो यः सदा मुक्त एव सः।।5.28।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
यत-इन्द्रिय-मनः-बुद्धिः मुनिः मोक्ष-परायणः विगत-इच्छा-भय-क्रोधः यः सदा मुक्तः एव सः
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
yatendriya-mano-buddhir munir mokṣa-parāyaṇaḥ। vigatecchā-bhaya-krodho yaḥ sadā mukta eva saḥ।।5.28।।
Translation (अनुवाद)
A sage who has control over his senses, mind, and intellect, who is dedicated to liberation as the utmost goal, and who is free from desire, fear, and anger, is verily forever liberated.
एक ऐसा मुनि जो इन्द्रियों, मन और बुद्धि पर नियन्त्रण रखता है, मोक्ष को अपनी परम मंजिल मानता है, और इच्छाओं, भय तथा क्रोध से मुक्त हो गया है, वह निश्चय ही सदा के लिए मुक्त होता है।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| यत | controlled | संयमित |
| इन्द्रिय | senses | इन्द्रियाँ |
| मनः | mind | मन |
| बुद्धिः | intellect | बुद्धि |
| मुनिः | sage | मुनि |
| मोक्ष | liberation | मोक्ष |
| परायणः | dedicated towards | समर्पित |
| विगत | free from | मुक्त |
| इच्छा | desire | इच्छा |
| भय | fear | भय |
| क्रोधः | anger | क्रोध |
| यः | who | जो |
| सदा | always | सदैव |
| मुक्तः | liberated | मुक्त |
| एव | indeed | निश्चय ही |
| सः | he | वह |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| मुनिः (sage) | यत (controls) | इन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिः (senses, mind, intellect) | The sage controls the senses, mind, and intellect. | मुनि इन्द्रियों, मन और बुद्धि को नियंत्रित करता है। |
| मुनिः (sage) | मोक्ष-परायणः (is dedicated to liberation) | मोक्ष (liberation) | The sage is dedicated to liberation. | मुनि मोक्ष के लिए समर्पित है। |
| मुनिः (sage) | विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधः (is free from desire, fear, and anger) | इच्छाभयक्रोध (desire, fear, anger) | The sage is free from desire, fear, and anger. | मुनि इच्छाओं, भय और क्रोध से मुक्त है। |
| मुनिः (sage) | सदा मुक्तः (is always liberated) | निश्चय ही (ever) | The sage is ever liberated. | मुनि सदा के लिए मुक्त है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- yatendriya (यतेन्द्रिय) - controlled senses
- mokṣa-parāyaṇa (मोक्ष-परायण) - dedicated to liberation
- vigatecchā-bhaya-krodha (विगत-इच्छा-भय-क्रोध) - free from desire, fear, and anger
- mukti (मुक्ति) - liberation
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method for liberation
- Characteristics of an enlightened person
- Control and discipline of mind and senses
Commentary (टीका)
The sage described here has attained a state of control over his senses, mind, and intellect, indicating a disciplined nature. *Mokṣa-parāyaṇa* (मोक्ष-परायण) indicates a focused dedication to attaining liberation (*mokṣa*). The sage is devoid of mundane desires (*icchā*), fears (*bhaya*), and anger (*krodha*), suggesting an equanimous state of mind essential for liberation. The term 'always liberated' (सदा मुक्त) reflects the view that liberation is not an end to attain in the future, but a state to be realized in the present by relinquishing attachment to transient phenomena. It also reinforces the Vedantic teaching that true essence is already free; one needs only to realize it. 'मुनि' is not only one who reflects deeply but also contemplates on the ultimate truth of the Self. This state of being reflects an inner stability and peace that is not affected by external circumstances or inner fluctuations. The sage remains peaceful and steadfast, having surrendered desires and emotions that bind one to suffering within the cycle of birth and death (saṁsāra). Swami Sivananda emphasizes the practical aspect of this peace, highlighting the restless nature of an uncontrolled mind, underscoring *manana* or reflective contemplation, which leads to the realization of the self. Swami Ramsukhdas elucidates that overcoming desires and fears leads to liberation, emphasizing that only when one removes attachment to transient worldly objects and anchors the mind solely on the ultimate goal of liberation, real freedom is experienced. ```