Sbg2.56
Sloka 2.56
Sloka (श्लोक)
मूल श्लोकः दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः। वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते।।2.56।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
दुःखेषु अनुद्विग्न मनाः सुखेषु विगत स्पृहः वीत राग भय क्रोधः स्थितधीः मुनिः उच्यते
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
duḥkheṣu anudvigna-manāḥ sukheṣu vigata-spṛhaḥ vīta-rāga-bhaya-krodhaḥ sthita-dhīḥ muniḥ ucyate
Translation (अनुवाद)
When experiencing unhappiness, one who remains composed (anutdvigna-manāḥ), and in happiness, free from excessive desire (vigata-spṛhaḥ), such a person, devoid of attachment, fear, and anger (vīta-rāga-bhaya-krodhaḥ), is known as a sage of steady wisdom (sthita-dhīḥ muniḥ).
जब दु:ख आते हैं तो जो व्यक्ति विचलित नहीं होता और सुख में अत्यधिक इच्छा से मुक्त होता है, ऐसा व्यक्ति जो राग, भय और क्रोध से मुक्त होता है, स्थिरबुद्धि (स्थिर-धी) मुनि कहलाता है।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| दुःखेषु | in adversities | दुखों में |
| अनुद्विग्न | not perturbed | विचलित नहीं |
| मनाः | mind | मन |
| सुखेषु | in pleasures | सुखों में |
| विगत | free from | मुक्त |
| स्पृहः | desire | इच्छा |
| वीत | devoid of | मुक्त |
| राग | attachment | राग |
| भय | fear | भय |
| क्रोधः | anger | क्रोध |
| स्थितधीः | of steady wisdom | स्थिर बुद्धि |
| मुनिः | sage | मुनि |
| उच्यते | is called | कहा जाता है |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| स्थितधीः | उच्यते | मुनिः | A person of steady wisdom is called a sage. | स्थिर बुद्धि व्यक्ति को मुनि कहा जाता है। |
| मनः | अनुद्विग्न | दुःखेषु | The mind is undisturbed in adversities. | मन दुखों में विचलित नहीं होता। |
| मनः | विगतस्पृहः | सुखेषु | The mind is free from desires in pleasures. | मन सुखों में इच्छाओं से मुक्त होता है। |
| स्थितधीः | वीत | राग, भय, क्रोध | A person of steady wisdom is free from attachment, fear, and anger. | स्थिरबुद्धि व्यक्ति राग, भय, और क्रोध से मुक्त होता है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- anudvignamanāḥ (अनुद्विग्नमनाः)
- vigataspṛhaḥ (विगतस्पृहः)
- vīta-rāga (वीतराग)
- vīta-bhaya (वीतभय)
- vīta-krodha (वीतक्रोतः)
- sthita-dhīḥ muniḥ (स्थितधी मुनि)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Characteristics of a Sage
- Emotional Stability
- Spiritual Wisdom
Commentary (टीका)
In this sloka from the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna defines the attributes of a *sthita-dhīḥ* (sage of steady wisdom). A person who remains composed and undisturbed during adversities (duḥkheṣu anudvigna-manāḥ), and does not hanker after pleasures (sukheṣu vigata-spṛhaḥ), achieves a balanced state free from excessive desire for worldly things.
This individual is also devoid of attachment (rāga), fear (bhaya), and anger (krodha), suggesting a profound level of emotional stability and spiritual maturity. Such a state arises from an understanding of the impermanent nature of material pleasures and pains, leading to a detachment from them.
The verse further emphasizes that only when one reaches this state of emotional detachment and mental equanimity does one become a muni, a sage who is truly wise. Both commentaries suggest that the lack of agitation due to external circumstances results from a deep internal satisfaction and an unwavering focus on higher goals, such as selfless action and service to others, which ensure that one's mind remains calm despite adversities, devoid of unnecessary desires and attachments.
The Hindi commentary expands on this by elaborating on the nature of *rāga* (attachment) and how its removal naturally results in the absence of fear and anger. A *sthita-dhīḥ* is characterized by the absence of emotional turbulence and a steadfast commitment to their duties, unmoved by the personal emotional states that usually dictate the actions of others.