Sbg2.49
Sloka 2.49
Sloka (श्लोक)
``` दूरेण ह्यवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगाद्धनञ्जय। बुद्धौ शरणमन्विच्छ कृपणाः फलहेतवः।।2.49।। ```
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
दूरेण हि अवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगात् धनञ्जय बुद्धौ शरणम् अन्विच्छ कृपणाः फलहेतवः
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
dūreṇa hyavaraṃ karma buddhiyogād dhanañjaya buddhau śaraṇam anviccha kṛpaṇāḥ phalahetavaḥ
Translation (अनुवाद)
O Dhananjaya, action is far inferior to the Yoga of wisdom. Seek refuge in this wisdom; wretched are they who are motivated by the fruits of actions.
अरे धनंजय, कर्म बुद्धियुक्त योग की तुलना में अत्यंत निम्न कोटि का है। इस ज्ञान में शरण लो; वे दुःखी होते हैं जो कर्मफल के हेतु होते हैं।
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| दूरेण | by far | अत्यन्त दूर |
| हि | indeed | वास्तव में |
| अवरं | inferior | निम्न |
| कर्म | action | कर्म |
| बुद्धियोगात् | than the Yoga of wisdom | बुद्धि योग से |
| धनञ्जय | O Dhananjaya | हे धनंजय |
| बुद्धौ | in wisdom | बुद्धि में |
| शरणम् | refuge | शरण |
| अन्विच्छ | seek | तलाश करो |
| कृपणाः | wretched | दरिद्र |
| फलहेतवः | seekers after fruits | फल के कारण |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| धनञ्जय | अन्विच्छ | बुद्धौ शरणम् | Dhananjaya seeks refuge in wisdom | धनंजय बुद्धि में शरण लेता है |
| कृपणाः | फलहेतवः | (implied: they are) | Wretched are those motivated by fruits | फल के हेतु दरिद्र होते हैं |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching the superiority of wisdom over action
- Criticism of fruit-oriented actions
Commentary (टीका)
The verse emphasizes the importance of adopting *buddhiyoga* or the Yoga of wisdom, over mere action. The Yoga of wisdom is marked by *samatā* (equanimity) and detachment from the fruits of one's actions. Swami Sivananda explains that action done with equanimity of mind is far superior as it is rooted in wisdom and not tied to worldly success or failures. The seeker who follows this path remains unaffected by external outcomes. Swami Ramsukhdas in Hindi commentary highlights the distinction between wisdom and fruit-oriented actions, indicating that actions done with desire for outcomes result in cycles of birth and death, while wisdom leads to liberation. The verse thus instructs seekers to pursue *buddhiyoga* as their refuge, indicating a higher path than that of mere ritualistic or desire-driven actions.
In essence, wisdom and understanding elevate actions, and abandoning the fruit-centric approach leads one closer to true self-realization.