Sbg1.40
Sloka 1.40
Sloka (श्लोक)
कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाः। धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत।।1.40।।
पदच्छेद / Padaccheda
कुल-क्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुल-धर्माः सनातनाः। धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नम् अधर्मः अभिभवति उत।
Transliteration (लिप्यांतरण)
kulakṣaye praṇaśyanti kuladharmāḥ sanātanāḥ। dharme naṣṭe kulaṁ kṛtsnamadharmo'bhibhavatyuta।।1.40।।
Translation (अनुवाद)
In the destruction of family (kulakṣaye), age-old (sanātanāḥ) family traditions (kuladharmāḥ) perish (praṇaśyanti). When spirituality (dharme) is lost (naṣṭe), the entire (kṛtsnam) family (kula) is indeed (uta) overcome (abhibhavati) by impiety (adharmaḥ).
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय के साथ शब्दार्थ)
| Sanskrit (संस्कृत) | English Meaning (अर्थ) | Hindi Meaning (हिंदी अर्थ) |
|---|---|---|
| कुल-क्षये | in the destruction of family | परिवार के विनाश में |
| प्रणश्यन्ति | perish | समाप्त हो जाते हैं |
| कुल-धर्माः | family traditions | पारिवारिक परंपराएँ |
| सनातनाः | ancient/age-old | प्राचीन |
| धर्मे | spirituality | धर्म में |
| नष्टे | being destroyed | नष्ट होने पर |
| कुलं | the family | परिवार |
| कृत्स्नम् | whole/entire | संपूर्ण |
| अधर्मः | impiety | अधर्म |
| अभिभवति | overcomes | प्रभावित करता है |
| उत | indeed | वास्तव में |
कर्ता-क्रिया-विधान / S-V-O Tuples
| कर्ता (Subject) | क्रिया (Verb) | विधान (Object) | अंग्रेज़ी अनुवाद / English Translation | हिंदी अनुवाद / Hindi Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| कुलक्षये (In the destruction of family) | प्रणश्यन्ति (perish) | कुलधर्माः सनातनाः (age-old family traditions) | In the destruction of family, age-old family traditions perish. | परिवार के विनाश में, प्राचीन पारिवारिक परंपराएँ समाप्त हो जाती हैं। |
| धर्मे नष्टे (when spirituality is lost) | अभिभवति (overcomes) | कुलं कृत्स्नम् (the entire family) | When spirituality is lost, the entire family is overcome by impiety. | जब धर्म नष्ट होता है, तो संपूर्ण परिवार अधर्म से प्रभावित होता है। |
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Effects of family decline
- Consequences of losing traditions
- Contrast between dharma (धर्म) and adharma (अधर्म)
Commentary (टीका)
The verse highlights the impact of the destruction of family structure on the maintenance of traditional values and spirituality. Swami Sivananda and Swami Ramsukhdas comment on the inevitable decline of values and increase of impiety (adharma) when a family succumbs to internal or external turmoil. The traditional practices, referred to as "kuladharmāḥ" or family-specific duties and rites, are said to perish with the family. This can result in a loss of spirituality, leading the family to be engulfed by impiety. The Hindi commentary by Swami Ramsukhdas delves deeper into the societal implications, explaining how the death of knowledgeable and experienced members leaves the survivors without guidance, allowing adharma to take hold in the absence of proper teaching and enforcement of traditional norms. The essence captured is the significance of maintaining spiritual principles across generations to resist moral degradation.