Section 2 113

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आत्मा का स्वरूप | The nature of the Self

Summary (in English)

The sequence of these slokas sheds light on the distinction between the transient and the eternal within existence. Sloka 560 describes the inevitable decay of physical and mental components—body, senses, life-force, and mind—likening them to the perishable elements of nature like leaves and flowers, whereas the *ātman* (self), which is of the essence of truth and joy (sat and nandākṛti), remains unaffected. Sloka 561 introduces the concept of *prajñāna-ghana* (dense mass of consciousness) as a true indicator of the self’s essential nature, emphasizing the necessity to transcend worldly adjuncts in order to realize the true self. Sloka 562, referencing the *śruti* (Vedic scripture), declares the *ātman* as indestructible amidst perishable transformations, reinforcing the *ātman*’s eternal and unchanging nature.

सारांश

ये श्लोक आत्मा के शाश्वत स्वरूप और अस्थायी फिलस्तरों में अंतर को स्पष्ट करते हैं। श्लोक 560 में शरीर, इंद्रिय, प्राण और मन की अनिवार्य नाशिता का वर्णन है, इन्हें पत्तों और फूलों के नाश के समान बताया गया है, जबकि आत्मा (सच्चाई और आनंद-स्वरूप) इन्हीं उपाधियों से अछूती रहती है। श्लोक 561 में *प्रज्ञानघन* (अविशिष्ट चेतन तत्व) आत्मा के वास्तविक स्वरूप के सूचक के रूप में वर्णित है, और भौतिक उपाधियों को पार करने की आवश्यकता पर बल देता है। श्लोक 562 *श्रुति* के संदर्भ में आत्मा की अनश्वरता का अवलोकन करता है, जो परिपाकवस्था में अपरिवर्तनीय और स्थायी है।

Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)

Topics

  • The impermanence of physical and mental faculties
  • The eternal nature of the self
  • Transcendence of worldly adjuncts
  • Self-realization through dissolution of adjuncts

Categories (वर्गीकरण)

  • Definitions (of the nature of the Self)
  • Contrasts (between physical and eternal components)
  • Teaching the realization of truth

S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text

Subject-Verb-Object (S-V-O) Tuples
Subject Verb Object
Body, senses, life-force, mind undergo destruction
Self remains unchanged
Prajñāna-ghana indicates nature of Self
Wise transcend adjuncts
Scripture declares self’s indestructibility


Slokas & Translations

Sloka 560

पत्रस्य पुष्पस्य फलस्य नाशवद्
देहेन्द्रियप्राणधियां विनाशः ।
नैवात्मनः स्वस्य सदात्मकस्या
नन्दाकृतेर्वृक्षवदस्ति चैषः ॥ ५६ ॥

Translation: The destruction of the body, senses, life-force, and mind is like that of the leaf, flower, and fruit; but not of the self, which is of the nature of truth, like the joy-creating tree.


Sloka 561

प्रज्ञानघन इत्यात्मलक्षणं सत्यसूचकम् । 
अनूद्यौपाधिकस्यैव कथयन्ति विनाशनम् ॥ ५६१ ॥

Translation: The term "prajñāna-ghana" is the true indicator of the Self’s nature, which implies the dissolution of all adjuncts.


Sloka 562

अविनाशी वा अरेऽयमात्मेति श्रुतिरात्मनः ।
प्रब्रवीत्यविनाशित्वं विनश्यत्सु विकारिषु ॥ ५६२ ॥

Translation: The scripture declares that the soul is indestructible even among the perishable transformations.