Section 2 89
योग अथवा एकाग्रता के साधन | The means of Yoga or concentration
Summary (in English)
This set of slokas from Vivekachudamani outlines the essential elements and practices required to deepen one's spiritual journey through yoga (yoga). The first gateway is to practice vāṅ-nirodha (restraint of speech), aparigraha (non-possessiveness), nirāśā (freedom from desires), nirīhā (absence of expectations), and consistently engaging in ekānta-śīlatā (solitude). By dwelling in solitude, one achieves dama (control over the senses) and śama (peace of mind), allowing the elimination of ahaṁ-vāsanā (ego tendencies) and facilitating the experience of ānanda (bliss). The aspirations are furthered by systematically restraining speech, aligning mind with intellect, and merging it into the buddhi-sākṣin (Witness) and the pūrṇātman (complete self), culminating in paramām śāntim (supreme peace). The yogi’s state is deeply influenced by associations made through deha (body), prāṇa (life force), indriya (senses), manaḥ (mind), and buddhi (intellect). Finally, achieving cessation of disturbances (tat-nivṛtti) leads to a tranquil state of anesthetic sukha (bliss) and sadānanda-rasānubhava-viplavaḥ (perpetual divine bliss), embodying the concept of liberation (moksha).
सारांश
विवेकचूडामणि के इन श्लोकों में योग के माध्यम से आध्यात्मिक यात्रा को गहरा करने के लिए आवश्यक तत्वों और प्रथाओं को प्रस्तुत किया गया है। पहले द्वार में वाङ्निरोध (वाणी की संयम), अपरिग्रह (अस्थायी वस्तुओं का त्याग), निराशा (इच्छाओं से मुक्ति), निरीहा (अपेक्षाओं का अभाव), और एकांतशीलता (अकेले रहना) का अभ्यास शामिल है। एकांत में रहने से, दम (इंद्रियों का नियंत्रण) और शम (मन की शांति) प्राप्त होती है जिससे अहंवासना (अहंकारी प्रवृत्तियों) की समाप्ति होती है और आनंद (आनंद) का अनुभव होता है। इच्छाएं और अपेक्षाएं समाप्त करने से सांसारिक विक्षोभों का अंत होकर अभूतपूर्व सुख (शांति) मिलती है। योगी की स्थिति देह (शरीर), प्राण (जीवन शक्ति), इंद्रिय (इंद्रियां), मनः (मन), और बुद्धि (विवेक) द्वारा की गई संगतियों से प्रभावित होती है। अंततः, आत्मनि की समग्र स्थिति में सबका विलय शांतिमय परम शांति प्रदान करती है। distractions का पूर्णतः परित्याग ये दर्शाता है कि मुक्ति (मोक्श) की अवस्था दृढ़ अभ्यास और अंतर्मन द्वारा प्राप्त की जा सकती है।
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- vāṅ-nirodha (वाङ्निरोध)
- aparigraha (अपरिग्रह)
- nirāśā (निराशा)
- nirīhā (निर्हीः)
- ekānta-śīlatā (एकान्तशीलता)
- dama (दमन)
- śama (शम)
- ahaṁ-vāsanā (अहंवासना)
- pūrṇātman (पूर्णात्मा)
- sadānanda-rasānubhava-viplavaḥ (सदानन्दरसानुभवविप्लवः)
Topics
- Practices for spiritual elevation through yoga
- Importance of solitude in spiritual journey
- Systematic process of mental restraint and focus
- Influence of one's environment and associations on spiritual state
- Concept of moksha or liberation
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method (योग का माध्यम)
- Listing characteristics (of a concept) (लक्षणों का वर्णन)
- Definitions (of concepts) (अवधारणाओं का परिभाषा)
- Steps in Spiritual Discipline
- Techniques for mental and sensory restraint
S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text
| Subject | Verb | Object |
|---|---|---|
| The first gateway | is | vāṅ-nirodha (restraint of speech) and aparigraha (non-possessiveness) |
| Solitude (ekānta-śīlatā) | leads to | control over the senses (dama) |
| Control over mind (dama) | results in | peace (śama) |
| Yogis | experience | constant divine bliss (ālanda) |
| Sage (Muni) | achieves | complete tranquility (uparamaṇa) |
| Mind (Citta) | merges into | Complete self (pūrṇātman) |
| Yogi's nature | becomes | influenced by associations with adjuncts (upādhis) |
| Cessation of disturbances (nivṛtti) | leads to | perpetual divine bliss (sadānanda-rasānubhava-viplavaḥ) |
Slokas & Translations
Sloka 367
योगस्य प्रथमद्वारं वाङ्निरोधोऽपरिग्रहः । निराशा च निरीहा च नित्यमेकान्तशीलता ॥ ३६७ ॥
Translation: The first gateway to yoga is the restraint of speech, non-possessiveness, freedom from desires and expectations, along with constant solitude.
Sloka 368
एकान्तस्थितिरिन्द्रियोपरमणे हेनुर्दमश्चेतसः संरोधे करणं शमेन विलयं यायादहंवासना । तेनानन्दरसानुभूतिरचला ब्राह्मी सदा योगिनः तस्माच्चित्तनिरोध एव सततं कार्यः प्रयत्नो मुनेः ॥ ३६८ ॥
Translation: Solitude leads to control over the senses; calmness quietens the mind's tendencies. Consequently, fixed blissful knowledge arises, revealing a constant divine experience for the yogi. Thus, a sage should continuously strive to restrain the mind.
Sloka 369
वाचं नियच्छात्मनि तं नियच्छ बुद्धौ धियं यच्छ च बुद्धिसाक्षिणि । तं चापि पूर्णात्मनि निर्विकल्पे विलाप्य शान्तिं परमां भजस्व ॥ ३६९ ॥
Translation: Restrain speech in the self, mind in intellect, and then intellect in the Witness; finally, merge that in the infinite self, attaining supreme peace.
Sloka 370
देहप्राणेन्द्रियमनोबुद्ध्यादिभिरुपाधिभिः । यैर्यैर्वृत्तेःसमायोगस्ततद्भावोऽस्य योगिनः ॥ ३७० ॥
Translation: The nature of the yogi becomes that which he associates with, through the body, life force, senses, mind, intellect and other adjuncts.
Sloka 371
तन्निवृत्त्या मुनेः सम्यक्सर्वोपरमणं सुखम् । संदृश्यते सदानन्दरसानुभवविप्लवः ॥ ३७१ ॥
Translation: Through the cessation of that, the sage experiences complete tranquility and unending bliss.