Section 2 87
अधिष्ठान-रूप ब्रह्म-वस्तु को जानो | Know Brahman as the substratum
Summary (in English)
The passage uses metaphors to illustrate the journey from ignorance to knowledge and ultimately to liberation. Sloka 348 emphasizes that correct understanding of reality, akin to recognizing a rope as a rope, frees us from misperceptions such as mistaking it for a snake. Sloka 349 draws a parallel with the mind manifesting illusions like dreams, which though vivid, are ultimately false. Sloka 350 distinguishes the ephemeral nature of ego and physical forms from the eternal, unchanging ātman (self). Sloka 351 describes the Supreme Self as eternal and blissful, transcending dualities of existence and non-existence. Finally, sloka 352 highlights the role of discernment and self-knowledge in realizing one's own self as indivisible awareness, leading to liberation and peace.
सारांश
यह भाग अज्ञान से ज्ञान की ओर और अंततः मोक्ष की यात्रा को उपमाओं से समझाता है। श्लोक 348 में वास्तविकता की सही समझ पर बल दिया गया है, जैसे कि रस्सी को रस्सी के रूप में पहचानना, जो हमें भ्रमों से मुक्त करता है, जैसे कि इसे सांप मानना। श्लोक 349 मन की भ्रांतियों को सपने जैसे संदर्भ देता है, जो यद्यपि हमारे सामने सच लगता है, अंततः असत्य है। श्लोक 350 अहंकार और शारीरिक रूपों की क्षणभंगुरता को अतीत्मा के शाश्वत, अपरिवर्तनीय स्वरूप से अलग करता है। श्लोक 351 श्रेष्ठ आत्मा को अनंत और आनंदमय के रूप में वर्णित करता है, जो अस्तित्व और अनस्तित्व के द्वैत से परे है। अंत में, श्लोक 352 विवेक और आत्मज्ञान की भूमिका को रेखांकित करता है, जिसके माध्यम से व्यक्ति अपने स्वयं के आत्मा को अखंड चेतना के रूप में पहचानता है, जिससे मुक्ति और शांति मिलती है।
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- avidyā (अविद्या)
- mokṣa (मोक्ष)
- tat tvam asi (तत्त्वमसि)
- ahaṅkāra (अहंकार)
- ātman (आत्मा)
- paramātman (परमात्मा)
- sākṣī (साक्षी)
- advaya (अद्वय)
Topics
- Ignorance and Knowledge
- Misconceptions and Reality
- Self and Non-self Distinction
- Nature of Supreme Self
- Liberation through Self-realization
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Teaching a method
- Definitions (of fundamental concepts)
- Distinguishing reality from illusion
- Describing characteristics (of the Self)
S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text
| Subject | Verb | Object |
|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | dispels | Illusions |
| Mind | manifests | Forms |
| Modifications | undergo | Transformation |
| Self | is | Eternal |
| Wise one | discerns | Real from Unreal |
Slokas & Translations
Sloka 348
एतत्त्रितयं दृष्टं सम्यग्रज्जुस्वरूपविज्ञानात् । तस्माद्वस्तुसतत्त्वं ज्ञातव्यं बन्धमुक्तये विदुषा ॥ ३४८ ॥
Translation: Thus, these three delusions are dispelled through the correct knowledge of the rope's nature; therefore, the true nature of reality should be known by the wise for liberation.
Sloka 349
अयोऽग्नियोगादिव सत्समन्वयान् मात्रादिरूपेण विजृम्भते धीः । तत्कार्यमेतद्द्वितयं यतो मृषा दृष्टं भ्रमस्वप्नमनोरथेषु ॥ ३४९ ॥
Translation: The mind manifests in forms like measure, akin to the union of iron and fire, but its twofold effects are seen as false, just as in illusions, dreams, and fancies.
Sloka 350
ततो विकाराः प्रकृतेरहंमुखा देहावसाना विषयाश्च सर्वे । क्षणेऽन्यथाभावितया ह्यमीषाम् असत्त्वमात्मा तु कदापि नान्यथा ॥ ३५० ॥
Translation: Therefore, all modifications, beginning with the ego and ending with the body, undergo transformation and impermanence; however, the Self is never otherwise.
Sloka 351
नित्याद्वयाखण्डचिदेकरूपो बुद्ध्यादिसाक्षी सदसद्विलक्षणः । अहंपदप्रत्ययलक्षितार्थः प्रत्यक्सदानन्दघनः परात्मा ॥ ३५१ ॥
Translation: The Supreme Self, which is eternal, non-dual, and of the nature of indivisible consciousness, is the witness of the intellect and other faculties, distinct from both existence and non-existence, indicated by the import of the word 'I', and is always dense with bliss.
Sloka 352
इत्थं विपश्चित्सदसद्विभज्य निश्चित्य तत्त्वं निजबोधदृष्ट्या । ज्ञात्वा स्वमात्मानमखण्डबोधं तेभ्यो विमुक्तः स्वयमेव शाम्यति ॥ ३५२ ॥
Translation: Thus, the wise one, discerning the real from the unreal and realizing the truth through self-knowledge, knowing his own self as the indivisible awareness, becomes liberated and attains peace by himself.