Section 2 85
स्थूल-सूक्ष्म देहादि पदार्थों से तादात्म्य के दुष्परिणाम | The harmful effects of identifying with the gross-subtle body
Summary (in English)
This set of slokas from the Vivekachudamani elucidate the spiritual consequences and practices concerning identification with the body and falsehood versus holding to the truth and self-realization. It begins by warning against the focus on forbidden activities as per the śāstras, likening it to a path that accumulates suffering. It contrasts this by extolling the virtues of being devoted to truth which leads to eternal greatness, as opposed to following falsehood, which leads to destruction. The path to liberation involves renouncing external false associations and focusing on self-awareness and the realization of one’s true nature. By restraining external influences, one can achieve inner serenity and perceive the Supreme Self, which leads to liberation from the cycles of existence. Wisdom lies in discerning real from unreal and deeply rooting oneself in the ultimate reality, forsaking worldly attachments. The liberated are those who recognize this oneness within all and discard limitations, while steadfastly abiding in the Bliss of self-awareness. It underscores that liberation emanates from a profound understanding of unity and the renunciation of illusory connections with material existence.
सारांश
इस श्लोकों के समूह में विवेकचूड़ामणि ने शरीर से पहचान के और असत्य के परिणामों को समझाया है, जबकि सत्य और आत्मसाक्षात्कार को धारण करने के लाभों पर बल दिया है। यह शास्त्रों द्वारा निषिद्ध कार्यों पर ध्यान देने के विरोध में चेतावनी देता है, जो दुःख का संचयन करता है। इसके विपरीत, सत्य में निष्ठा को स्थायी महानता का स्रोत और असत्य में लिप्तता को विनाशकारी बताया गया है। मुक्ति का मार्ग बाह्य असत्य संधानों का परित्याग और आत्म-चेतना पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने में है। बाह्य प्रभावों पर नियंत्रण करके, आंतरिक शांति प्राप्त की जा सकती है, जिसके माध्यम से परमात्मा का दर्शन होता है और यह विमुक्ति का कारण बनता है। बुद्धिमत्ता वास्तविक और अवास्तविक के बीच भेदभाव करने और परम सत्य में अपनी जड़ें गहराई से जमाने में निहित है, जो कि सांसारिक आसक्तियों को त्यागने का कारण बनता है। मुक्त वही है जो इस एकात्मता को सभी में पहचानता है और सीमाओं को त्यागकर आत्मा की बोधावस्था में स्थिर रहता है। इस अध्याय में बताया गया है कि वास्तविक मुक्ति सभी प्रकार की सांसारिक आसक्तियों का त्याग करके प्राप्त होती है।
Important Concepts (महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणाएँ)
- śruti (श्रुति)
- smṛti (स्मृति)
- nyāya (न्याय)
- duḥkha (दुःख)
- satya (सत्य)
- mithyā (मिथ्या)
- ātmān (आत्मा)
- brahman (ब्रह्मण)
- viveka (विवेक)
- niṣṭhā (निष्ठा)
- paramārtha (परमार्थ)
- mukti (मुक्ति)
Topics
- Consequences of Identifying with the Body
- Merits of Truth vs. Falsehood
- Attaining Serenity and Self-Realization
- Liberation through Internal Awareness
- Discernment between Real and Unreal
Categories (वर्गीकरण)
- Listing characteristics of spiritual pursuits
- Definitions and contrast of truth vs. falsehood
- Teaching methods for achieving liberation
- Philosophical insights on body and self-identity
S-V-O Tuples or Propositions as Text
| Subject | Verb | Object |
|---|---|---|
| One | applies | mind to forbidden activities |
| One devoted to truth | attains | eternal greatness |
| False associations | cause | bondage |
| Restraint | brings | serenity |
| True wisdom | discerns | real from unreal |
| Liberation | involves | absence of body obsessions |
| One who sees self everywhere | is | liberated |
| Constant self-awareness | is | cause of liberation |
Slokas & Translations
Sloka 331
श्रुतिस्मृतिन्यायशतैर्निषिद्धे दृश्येऽत्र यः स्वात्ममतिं करोति । उपैति दुःखोपरि दुःखजातं निषिद्धकर्ता स मलिम्लुचो यथा ॥ ३३१ ॥
Translation: One who applies their mind to that which is forbidden by hundreds of scriptural injunctions invites suffering upon suffering, akin to a lowly sinner.
Sloka 332
सत्याभिसंधानरतो विमुक्तो महत्त्वमात्मीयमुपैति नित्यम् । मिथ्याभिसन्धानरतस्तु नश्येद् दृष्टं तदेतद्यदचौरचौरयोः ॥ ३३२ ॥
Translation: One who is devoted to truth attains eternal greatness, while one devoted to falsehood perishes, as seen in the case of the honest and the thief.
Sloka 333
यतिरसदनुसन्धिं बन्धहेतुं विहाय स्वयमायामहमस्मीत्यात्मदृष्ट्यैव तिष्ठेत् । सुखयति ननु निष्ठा ब्रह्मणि स्वानुभूत्या हरति परमविद्याकार्यदुःखं प्रतीतम् ॥ ३३३ ॥
Translation: By leaving the false associations causing bondage, and standing firmly in self-realization, attachment to the true self erases perceived sufferings.
Sloka 334
बाह्यानुसन्धिः परिवर्धयेत्फलं दुर्वासनामेव ततस्ततोऽधिकाम् । ज्ञात्वा विवेकैः परिहृत्य बाह्यं स्वात्मानुसन्धिं विदधीत नित्यम् ॥ ३३४ ॥
Translation: External attachment increases fruit, enhancing negative tendencies; knowing this, discard the external and perpetually focus on self-reflection.
Sloka 335
बाह्ये निरुद्धे मनसः प्रसन्नता मनःप्रसादे परमात्मदर्शनम् । तस्मिन्सुदृष्टे भवबन्धनाशो बहिर्निरोधः पदवी विमुक्तेः ॥ ३३५ ॥
Translation: When external is restrained, the mind becomes serene; in that serenity lies the vision of the Supreme Self. With true vision, the bonds of existence are destroyed; external restraint is the path to liberation.
Sloka 336
कः पण्डितः सन्सदसद्विवेकी श्रुतिप्रमाणः परमार्थदर्शी । जानन्हि कुर्यादसतोऽवलम्बं स्वपातहेतोः शिशुवन्मुमुक्षुः ॥ ३३६ ॥
Translation: Which wise person, possessing discrimination of real and unreal, who follows the scriptures and sees the supreme reality, would consciously hold onto the unreal like a child desiring liberation?
Sloka 337
देहादिसंसक्तिमतो न मुक्तिः मुक्तस्य देहाद्यभिमत्यभावः । सुप्तस्य नो जागरणं न जाग्रतः स्वप्नस्तयोर्भिन्नगुणाश्रयत्वात् ॥ ३३७ ॥
Translation: There is no liberation for one attached to the body and other material things; liberation is the absence of obsession with the body, etc. Just as there is no waking for the sleeping person and no dream for the awake, due to their distinct states.
Sloka 338
अन्तर्बहिः स्वं स्थिरजङ्गमेषु<br /> ज्ञात्वात्मनाधारतया विलोक्य । <br /> त्यक्ताखिलोपाधिरखण्डरूपः<br /> पूर्णात्मना यः स्थित एष मुक्तः ॥ ३३८ ॥
Translation: The one who sees himself everywhere, both inside and outside, in the stable and moving beings, and who, having discarded all limitations, remains in the unbroken reality with a full sense of self, is liberated.
Sloka 339
सर्वात्मना बन्धविमुक्तिहेतुः सर्वात्मभावान्न परोऽस्ति कश्चित् । दृश्याग्रहे सत्युपपद्यतेऽसौ सर्वात्मभावोऽस्य सदात्मनिष्ठया ॥ ३३९ ॥
Translation: Through constant self-awareness, which is the cause of liberation, there's none greater than seeing all as the Self.
Sloka 340
दृश्यस्याग्रहणं कथं नु घटते देहात्मना तिष्ठतो बाह्यार्थानुभवप्रसक्तमनसस्तत्तत्क्रियां कुर्वतः । संन्यस्ताखिलधर्मकर्मविषयैर्नित्यात्मनिष्ठापरैः तत्त्वज्ञैः करणीयमात्मनि सदानन्देच्छुभिर्यत्नतः ॥ ३४० ॥
Translation: How is the non-perception of the visible world achieved by one who abides as the body, whose mind is attached to external objects and performing various actions? It is to be done diligently by the knower of Truth who have renounced all objects of dharma and karma, and are intent on the eternal Self, desirous of eternal bliss.